BIO044 (LAB) MOD 8 CNIDARIA (JELLIES, HYDRAS, AND CORALS) Flashcards

1
Q

Contains a large number of interesting animals, but most of the 10,000 or more
species live in salt water and are seen alive by only a small proportion.

A

Phylum Cnidaria

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2
Q

The members of Phylum Cnidaria consist of.

A

radially symmetrical animals

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3
Q

Phylum Cnidaria is

A

Dipoblastic

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4
Q

Dipoblastics have 2 true tissue layers:

A
  • Ectoderm
  • Endoderm
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5
Q

Ectoderm forms the outer layer:

A

Epidermis

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6
Q

Primitive nervous system without a brain.

A

nerve net

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7
Q

Contractile epithelial cells for movement; not true
muscles.

A

epitheliomuscular cell fibers

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8
Q

Endoderm forms the inner layer.

A

gastrodermis

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9
Q

The space in between the epidermis and gastrodermis is
filled with an extracellular matrix made of 96% water called the______.

A

mesoglea

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10
Q

Cnidarians display?

A

dimorphism

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11
Q

Cnidarians display dimorphism. They come in two (2) forms:

A

Polyp and Medusa

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12
Q

Which is sessile and reproduces sexually.

A

Polyp

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13
Q

Which is free-swimming and reproduce sexually.

A

Medusa

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14
Q

(“outer skin”) the outer tissue layer.

A

Epidermis

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15
Q

(“middle gel”) jelly-like middle layer which maintains the shape of the cnidarian. It is wider in medusas and narrower in polyps.

A

Mesoglea

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16
Q

(“stomach skin”) the inner tissue layer that is lined with gastrodermal cells, which releases digestive enzymes when food enters the gastrovascular cavity

A

Gastrodermis

17
Q

The incomplete/blind gut. It is often branched and extending into the tentacles.

A

Gastrovascular cavity

18
Q

As the gut is incomplete, cnidarians only have one orifice for ingestion of food and excretion of waste.

A

Mouth/Anus (Oral disc)

19
Q

Extensions of the body that forms a ring around the oral disc.

A

Tentacles

20
Q

It is lined with
stinging cells called:

A

cnidocytes

21
Q

Which houses a stinging organelle to capture and deliver toxins to prey.

A

nematocysts

22
Q

Found only in the medusa form; it is the concave “top” of a jellyfish.

A

Bell

23
Q

Found only in the polyp form; it is the “stalk” of the polyp which attaches it to the
substrate/sea floor.

A

Pedal disc

24
Q

Fund only in corals (Class Anthozoa); secretes an exoskeleton made of calcium
carbonate.

A

Calicle

25
Q

Major Classes of Cnidarians:

A
  • Class Hydrozoa (hydra)
  • Class Scyphozoa (true jellyfishes)
  • Class Cubozoa (box jellyfishes)
  • Class Anthozoa (corals and anemones)
26
Q

Most with polyp and medusa stage, but polyp form is dominant.

A

Class Hydrozoa (hydras)

27
Q

Most with polyp and medusa stage, but medusa form is dominant.

A

Class Scyphozoa (true jellyfishes)

28
Q

Box like shape medusas with unknown polyps. Consists of the most poisonous jellyfishes.

A

Class Cubozoa (box jellyfishes)

29
Q

Polyp stage only; mostly colonial; calcium carbonate exoskeleton.

A

Class Anthozoa (corals and sea anemones)

30
Q

The cnidarian gastrodermis originated from?

A

Endoderm

31
Q

This is an extracellular matrix between the epidermis and gastrodermis that is made of 96% water:

A

Mesohyl

32
Q

These are cells that releases digestive enzymes.

A

Gastrodermal

33
Q

This cnidarian form is free-floating.

A

Medusa