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ZOOLOGY (LABORATORY) > BIO044 (LAB) MOD 1 > Flashcards

BIO044 (LAB) MOD 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of the structure of organisms in both internal and external parts?

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

Is a form of scientific terminology used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals.

A

ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY

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3
Q

Anatomical terminology terms uses or were derived from words?

A

LATIN & GREEK

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4
Q

(Anatomical terminology )These terms uses or were derived from Latin and Greek words, and they highlight the________, as well as________.

A

*Relative location of body structures
*Directional planes

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5
Q

This refers to the direction of the normal position of an animal.

A

STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION

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6
Q

It is easy in animals with a _______/_______ because you can follow the axis of the spine.

A

BACKBONE/VERTEBRATE

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7
Q

For humans, the standard anatomical position is?

A

VERTICAL/ERECT/UPRIGHT

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8
Q

(4,-legged) animals

A

TETRAPOD

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9
Q

Tetrapod (4-legged) animals ex. Dog) the standard anatomical position is?

A

HORIZONTAL

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10
Q

Human

A

BIPEDAL

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11
Q

Dog

A

QUADRIPEDAL

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12
Q

The aspects of the body and anatomical directions will always refer to the________?
(Ex. If a man will lie down on the floor, the standard anatomical position will still be vertical).

A

NORMAL POSITION

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13
Q

Even is that animal has a vertebrate or is an invertebrate (ex. A caterpillar will always be ________ even if it crawls up a wall, because it’s normal position is horizontal).

A

HORIZONTAL

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14
Q

The head end; the direction toward the head. (In animals)

A

CEPHALIC/ CRANIAL/ ANTERIOR

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15
Q

The head end; the direction toward the head. (In humans)

A

SUPERIOR

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16
Q

The tail end; the direction toward the tail

A

CAUDAL / POSTERIOR

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17
Q

In humans, the direction toward the foot

A

INFERIOR

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18
Q

The upper side (for horizontal animals)

A

DORSAL

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19
Q

The back (for humans)

A

POSTERIOR

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20
Q

The front (for humans)

A

ANTERIOR

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21
Q

The underside (for horizontal animals)

A

VENTRAL

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22
Q

The sides

A

LATERAL

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23
Q

The left side lateral , ______.

A

SINISTRAL

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24
Q

The right side lateral, ______.

A

DEXTRAL

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25
Q

The middle

A

MEDIAN

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26
Q

Describe a position that is closer to the median of the body or near a major point of reference.
(Ex. My elbow is more proximal to my shoulder than my fingers)

A

PROXIMAL

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27
Q

Describe a position that is further from a median of the body or away from a major point reference.
(Ex. My toes are more distal to my hips than my knee)

A

DISTAL

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28
Q

A position that is towards the hand/forepaw from the median.

A

PALMER

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29
Q

A position that is towards the foot/hindpaw from the median.

A

PLANTER

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30
Q

A position that is towards the nose

A

ROSTRAL

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31
Q

Are used to indicate directions between 2 or 3 of the cardinal directions.

A

OBLIQUE DIRECTIONS

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32
Q

Refers to direction between the anterior and dorsal direction.

A

ANTERIODORSAL

33
Q

Between the posterior, dorsal, and lateral directions.

A

POSTERO-DORSOLATERAL

34
Q

Are hypothetical planes used to transect or divide the body.

A

ANATOMICAL PLANES

35
Q

Three principle planes used in anatomy:

A
  • SAGITTAL/ MEDIAN PLANE
  • FRONTAL/ CORONAL PLANE
  • TRANSVERSE PLANE/ CROSS SECTION
36
Q

Divides the body into left and right sides

A

SAGITTAL/ MEDIAN PLANE

37
Q

The sagdittal plane is directly on the median line of the body , dividing the body into equal left and right sides.

A

MIDSAGITTAL

38
Q

The sagittal plane is not on the median line, but is parallel to it. The body is divided into unequal left and right sides.

A

PARASAGITTAL

39
Q

Divides the body into front and back/ dorsal and ventral sides.

A

FRONTAL/ CORONAL PLANE

40
Q

Divides the body into cranial and caudal parts (superior or inferior parts); or any plane that cuts vertically across the body at right angles to the sagittal plane.

A

TRANSVERSE PLANE/ CROSS SECTION

41
Q

Why do you think different animals come in different forms?

A

Different animals come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, some may have many limbs/ appendages and some have none.

42
Q

different animals come in different forms is:

A

Based solely on their revolution, as they had to evolve to adapt accordingly to their habitat and their lifestyles, especially when it comes to finding food.

43
Q

Form of symmetry (Amoeba)

44
Q

Form of symmetry (Volvox)

A

(SPHERICAL UNIVERSAL)

45
Q

Form of symmetry (Hydra)

46
Q

Form of symmetry (Man)

47
Q

Which is the arrangement of their parts in relation to planes and straight lines.

48
Q

4 known symmetries found in the animal kingdom:

A
  • Asymmetrical
  • Spherical
  • Radial
  • Bilateral
49
Q

No symmetry, no definite form, or the body cannot be divided by planes into similar
parts.

A

Asymmetrical

51
Q

Most of the directional terms are meaningless

A

Asymmetrical

52
Q

but “proximal”
and “distal” are sometimes used.

A

Asymmetrical

52
Q

some protozoans (like the amoeba), some sponges

A

Asymmetrical

52
Q

Ball-like; can be divided into 2 similar parts by a cut in any direction through the center

A

Spherical Symmetry

52
Q

Very rare animal form and actually disadvantageous.

A

Spherical Symmetry

53
Q

a few protozoan (like Volvox)

A

Spherical Symmetry

54
Q

A number of planes can be drawn through the center, dividing the body into many equal parts.

A

Radial Symmetry

55
Q

The animal possesses a number of similar parts (called
______), which radiate
out from a central axis.

55
Q

This form is best suited to sessile (fixed in one area) animals, and they can used there
antimeres to obtain food or repel enemies surrounding it.

A

Radial Symmetry

56
Q

Directional terms like “lateral”, “dorsal”, and “ventral” have no meaning

A

Radial Symmetry

57
Q

terms “proximal” and “distal” can be applied to the appendages (like
the tentacles).

A

Radial Symmetry

58
Q

Refers to the center axis of the organism

59
Q

Refers to the side of the radial animal where the mouth is located.

60
Q

Refers to the side of the radial animal opposite to the oral side.

A

Aboral side

61
Q

Some sponges, Cnidarians (jellyfishes, hydras, sea anemones), and adult
Echinoderms (sea urchins, starfishes)

A

Radial Symmetry

62
Q

There is only one plane through which the body can be divided into 2 equal parts.

A

Bilateral Symmetry

63
Q

The animal is so well-constructed that some organs are also arranged in pairs on either
side of the axis.

A

Bilateral Symmetry

63
Q

Types of symmetry that are the only ones that display cephalization, or they possess a head
which contain the chief nervous organ and main sense organs.

A

Bilateral Symmetry

64
Q

the most successful animals living at present time.

A

Bilateral Symmetry

65
Q

The repetition of structural
subunits when the body is composed of more or less similar parts.

A

Metamerism

66
Q

(each subunit/part is called:

A

metamere or segment

67
Q

segment). The best and perfect example of a metameric animal is?

68
Q

Animals that are divided into unequal segments/metameres

A

heteronomous segmentation

69
Q

“homo” means=

70
Q

(“hetero” means=

71
Q

To the degree of similarity, as in position or structure, and that may indicate a common origin.

A

Homologous segmentations

ZOOLOGY (LABORATORY) (13 decks)

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