BIO044 (LAB) MOD 4 ANIMAL REPRODUCTION Flashcards
Makes identical copies (clones) of the parent.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction:
• Fission
• Budding
• Fragmentation
• Regneration
A very common form of asexual reproduction is found in protozoans and simple animals.
Fission
The body simply divides into 2 identical copies
Fission
A common type of asexual reproduction especially in colonial animals.
Budding
A new offspring begins as a small outgrowth of the parent and may either remain attached and form a colony, or break away and begin an independent life.
Budding
Some animals when broken or shredded into many small (sometimes microspic) pieces, each piece can regrow into a complete animal.
Fragmentation
This process is mostly commonly used not as a form of reproduction but to replace missing or damaged parts.
Regeneration
Involves the fertilization of a females egg by a male’s sperm.
Sexual Reproduction
Provides much of the genetic variation required for evolution and adaptation.
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction:
• Monoecious Animals (Hermaphrodites)
• Dioecious Animals
• Protandry
• Sexual Dimorphism
• Parthenogenesis (“virgin birth”)
Containing both and female reproductive organs. About 15% of animals, especially those that are sessile (nonmotile) or parasitic.
Monoecious Animals (Hermaphrodites)
These are organisms that produce either male or female reproductive organs and gametes but never both at the same time.
Dioecious Animals
Is the ability in some animals to switch their sex based on environmental cues such as changes in temperature. Usually seen in some amphibians and fishes.
Protandry
The male from the female of a species by outward appearance.
Sexual Dimorphism
In other dioecious Animals the males and females are not identical, but differ in appearance, thus showing_______.
Sexual Dimorphism
Result in differences in structures and colors between genders.
Sexual Dimorphism
This process only regularly occurs in nonhuman animals, both vertebrates and invertebrates.
Parthenogenesis (“virgin birth”)
In ducks. Male birds tend to have bright feathers.
Sexual Dimorphism
Example Sexual Dimorphism of roundworm:
Ascaris lumbricoides
Example of monoecious animals (hermaphrodites):
Earthworms
Hydra vulgaris (Phylum Cnidaria) mode of reproduction?
Budding
Fromia ghardaqana (Phylum Echinodermata) mode of reproduction?
Regeneration
Sycon spp (Phylum Porifera) mode of reproduction:
Fragmentation
Dugesia spp. (Phylum Platyhelminthes) mode of reproduction:
Regeneration
