bio test unit 1

Question 1

Bonds between phospholipids in a cell membrane create a rigid structure which has an important effect on the properties of the membrane

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

diffusion happens because of the random motion of molecules

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

Plant cells do not have membranes because they have cell walls instead

Answer 3

FALSE

Question 4

what are polar covalent bonds?

Answer 4

unequal sharing of electrons (partial charges) between molecules; hydrophilic

Question 5

what are ionic bonds?

Answer 5

one molecule donates an electron creating full charges; hydrophillic (also easily disrupted in water)

Question 6

what are nonpolar covalent bonds?

Answer 6

both molecules equally share their electrons; hydrophobic

Question 7

what are hydrogen bonds?

Answer 7

bonds between hydrogen and an electronegative molecule

Question 8

what does the endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 8

lipid and protein synthesis

Question 9

what does the golgi apparatus do?

Answer 9

recieves and sorts proteins so they can be sent to their final locations

Question 10

what does the mitochondria do?

Answer 10

synthesizes most of the atp used by the cell

Question 11

what do lysosomes do?

Answer 11

break down proteins and recycle their contents

Question 12

what does the nucleas do?

Answer 12

synthesizes RNA and houses DNA

Question 13

what cells are microtubules present in?

Answer 13

in all eukaryotic cells

Question 14

what cells are microfilaments present in?

Answer 14

in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 15

what cells are intermediate filaments in?

Answer 15

eukaryotic cells; they are cell type specific

Question 16

What protein would move ions into a cell going with the gradient?

Answer 16

An ion channel, no ATP is needed

Question 17

If water, not solutes, can move across a membrane, where would it go?

Answer 17

Out of a cell

Question 18

what determines the type of amino acid?

Answer 18

the r group

Question 19

What membrane proteins provides a path for specific molecules or ions to diffuse across a cell membrane down their gradient?

Answer 19

channels and carrier proteins

Question 20

what could be affected if one amino acid in a protein was replaced by a different amino acid?

Answer 20

the way that the protein interacts with other molecules

Question 21

What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Answer 21

Ribosomes

Question 22

what is smooth ER?

Answer 22

does not have ribosomes, does lipid synthesis

Question 23

what is rough ER?

Answer 23

has ribosomes, does protein synthesis

Question 24

what are the components of plant cells?

Answer 24

chloroplasts, cell wall, and mitochondria

Question 25

what cytoskeletal fiber pinches off the membranes in cell division?

Answer 25

microfilaments

Question 26

what could move ions into a cell (against gradient)

Answer 26

an ion pump, ATP

Question 27

what bonds are primary structure held by?

Answer 27

peptide (covalent) bonds

Question 28

what bonds are secondary structure held by?

Answer 28

hydrogen bonds

Question 29

what bonds is tertiary structure held by?

Answer 29

ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and disulfide bridges