bio test unit 1 Flashcards
Bonds between phospholipids in a cell membrane create a rigid structure which has an important effect on the properties of the membrane
FALSE
diffusion happens because of the random motion of molecules
TRUE
Plant cells do not have membranes because they have cell walls instead
FALSE
what are polar covalent bonds?
unequal sharing of electrons (partial charges) between molecules; hydrophilic
what are ionic bonds?
one molecule donates an electron creating full charges; hydrophillic (also easily disrupted in water)
what are nonpolar covalent bonds?
both molecules equally share their electrons; hydrophobic
what are hydrogen bonds?
bonds between hydrogen and an electronegative molecule
what does the endoplasmic reticulum do?
lipid and protein synthesis
what does the golgi apparatus do?
recieves and sorts proteins so they can be sent to their final locations
what does the mitochondria do?
synthesizes most of the atp used by the cell
what do lysosomes do?
break down proteins and recycle their contents
what does the nucleas do?
synthesizes RNA and houses DNA
what cells are microtubules present in?
in all eukaryotic cells
what cells are microfilaments present in?
in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
what cells are intermediate filaments in?
eukaryotic cells; they are cell type specific
What protein would move ions into a cell going with the gradient?
An ion channel, no ATP is needed
If water, not solutes, can move across a membrane, where would it go?
Out of a cell
what determines the type of amino acid?
the r group
What membrane proteins provides a path for specific molecules or ions to diffuse across a cell membrane down their gradient?
channels and carrier proteins
what could be affected if one amino acid in a protein was replaced by a different amino acid?
the way that the protein interacts with other molecules
What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
what is smooth ER?
does not have ribosomes, does lipid synthesis
what is rough ER?
has ribosomes, does protein synthesis
what are the components of plant cells?
chloroplasts, cell wall, and mitochondria
