BIO TEST 4 - LECTURE 2 STUDY GUIDE

Question 1

What is the definition of cellular respiration?

Answer 1

The metabolic harvest of energy by oxidation

Question 2

What chemical process “runs the show” regarding the process of cellular respiration?

Answer 2

Redox Reactions

Question 3

What is the one main difference between the processes of aerobic and anaerobic respiration discussed in class? 3:10 - 5:30

Answer 3

oxygen is present then you do aerobic

there is no oxygen then you do anaerobic respiration

Question 4

Fermentation is a type of _____respiration and takes place when the final electron acceptor is an/a_____ molecule. Fill in the blanks.

Answer 4

1. Anaerobic
2. Organic (contains carbon → lactic acid or ethanol)

Question 5

What is the overall equation of aerobic cellular respiration?
Reactants: left of arrow
Products: right of arrow
(Know the reactants and products we discussed and the equation which was on the board)

Answer 5

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 +6H2O + ATP

Question 6

Why is cellular respiration considered a catabolic process?

Answer 6

Because you are trying to make ATP by breaking bonds.

Question 7

What takes place when one says “substrate-level phosphorylation” has occurred?

Answer 7

Simply means taking something that’s not considered energy and then creating it with the help of enzymes, to transform it into ATP, many enzymes used in process

Question 8

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Where in the cell does this process take place?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

(same for all living organisms)

Question 9

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. What is the overall equation of this process?

Answer 9

Glucose(6C) → 2 pyruvates (3C + 3C) + 2 ATP + 4NADH

Reactants → products

Question 10

After glycolysis occurs within an organism, what are the two possible processes which can occur afterwards? The presence of what molecule decides which process will take place?

Answer 10

Aerobic or Anaerobic Respiration, depending on if oxygen is present or not

Question 11

What is the overall equation for pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 11

Pyruvate (3C) → Co2 (1C) + 2 Acetyl-CoA (2C coenzyme) + NADH

Question 12

What is the overall equation for the Krebs cycle?

Answer 12

Acetyl - CoA → Co2 + ATP + NADH + FADH2

Question 13

What is the overall equation for the ETC (electron transport chain)?

Answer 13

NADH + FADH2 → H2O + ATP (very concentrated) + NAD +FAD

Question 14

Anaerobic respiration can have many different types of final electron acceptors by the end of this metabolic pathway. Which of these statements do not describe any of the possible examples discussed in class?

Answer 14

Methanogen, Sulfur bacteria, Lactic Acid / Ethanol , yeast cells

Question 15

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the first step called glucose priming?

Answer 15

Glucose Priming: 2 things bond together to produce diphosphate, not split until cleavage (step 2)

Equation: 6 Carbon Sugars + 2ATP → 6 Carbon Sugar (diphosphate)

Question 16

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the second step called cleavage and rearrangement?

Answer 16

Cleavage and Rearrangement:
Split the 6 Carbon sugars in two and cut it. A little bit of energy (ATP) is required to begin the process.

Equation: 6 Carbon Sugar (Diphosphate) → 2 of 3 Carbon sugar Phosphates (G3P)

Question 17

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the third step called oxidation?

Answer 17

Oxidation (NADH formed): removing hydrogen to make NADH.

Equation:
2G3P electrons + 4 ATP → NADH

Note: Oxidation is the removal of an electron in this case hydrogen

Question 18

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the fourth step called ATP generation?

Answer 18

ATP Generation:

2G3P → 4ATP + 2 pyruvates (3 carbon each)