Bio Porifera and Cnidaria Flashcards
Metazoans
Multicellular animals
Phylum Porifera
Sponges common name
Class calcarea
Class hexactinellida
Class demospongiae
Cellular level of organization
-lack defined body symmetry
-lack tissues such as muscles and nerves
E.g. Sponges
Phylum Cnidaria
-radial symmetry
-diploblastic
Hydra, jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones
Tissue-level organization
- have muscles and nerves
- lack organs
Diploblastic
2 germ layers, endoderm and ectoderm, are produced during embryonic development.
Triploblastic
3 germ layers are produced in embryonic development
Spicule
Skeleton in sponges are made up of these little sharp rods
Spongin
Collagen fibers (in sponges)
Phylum Porifera info.
E.g. Sponges
- asexual and sexually
- spicules
- spongin (sometimes)
- sessile
- chambers lined with flagellated cells (choanocytes)
- cells can differentiate to an amoeboid then dedifferentiate into other cell types
3 body plans of sponges
Ascodoid-small tube shaped, limited internal surface area
Syconoid- they have folds (convolutions) in their body walls
Leuconoid-lots of folds, complex labyrinth of internal chambers.
Class calcarea
- Only class with Spicules made of calcium carbonate
- spicules are needle shaped, 3 or 4 pronged, seldom grouped together
- sponges are usually small but include all 3 body complexities.
- usually found in shallow coastal waters
Class hexactinellida
- 6 rayed spicules made from silica
- more symmetrical, shaped like a cup, vase, or urn.
- syconoid or Leuconoid body structure
Class demospongiae
- Leuconoid body structure
- skeleton is made of spongin fibers, and siliceous spicules or a combo of both
- never 6 rayed
Hermaphroditic
Producing both male and female gametes (sperm and eggs) although they are usually produced at different times.
Most sponges are hermaphroditic
Gemmules
Released in autumn by sponges.
They are aggregates of amoebocytes covered by a hard spongin-like material and covered with spicules
Phylum Cnidaria
-radial symmetry
-lack an anus
-have cnidocytes
Class Hydrozoa
Class Scyphozoa
Class Anthozoa
