Bio Porifera and Cnidaria

Question 0

Metazoans

Answer 0

Multicellular animals

Question 1

Phylum Porifera

Answer 1

Sponges common name
Class calcarea
Class hexactinellida
Class demospongiae

Question 2

Cellular level of organization

Answer 2

-lack defined body symmetry
-lack tissues such as muscles and nerves
E.g. Sponges

Question 3

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 3

-radial symmetry
-diploblastic
Hydra, jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones

Question 4

Tissue-level organization

Answer 4

• have muscles and nerves

- lack organs

Question 5

Diploblastic

Answer 5

2 germ layers, endoderm and ectoderm, are produced during embryonic development.

Question 6

Triploblastic

Answer 6

3 germ layers are produced in embryonic development

Question 7

Spicule

Answer 7

Skeleton in sponges are made up of these little sharp rods

Question 8

Spongin

Answer 8

Collagen fibers (in sponges)

Question 9

Phylum Porifera info.

Answer 9

E.g. Sponges

• asexual and sexually
• spicules
• spongin (sometimes)
• sessile
• chambers lined with flagellated cells (choanocytes)
• cells can differentiate to an amoeboid then dedifferentiate into other cell types

Question 10

3 body plans of sponges

Answer 10

Ascodoid-small tube shaped, limited internal surface area
Syconoid- they have folds (convolutions) in their body walls
Leuconoid-lots of folds, complex labyrinth of internal chambers.

Question 11

Class calcarea

Answer 11

• Only class with Spicules made of calcium carbonate
• spicules are needle shaped, 3 or 4 pronged, seldom grouped together
• sponges are usually small but include all 3 body complexities.
• usually found in shallow coastal waters

Question 12

Class hexactinellida

Answer 12

• 6 rayed spicules made from silica
• more symmetrical, shaped like a cup, vase, or urn.
• syconoid or Leuconoid body structure

Question 13

Class demospongiae

Answer 13

• Leuconoid body structure
• skeleton is made of spongin fibers, and siliceous spicules or a combo of both
• never 6 rayed

Question 14

Hermaphroditic

Answer 14

Producing both male and female gametes (sperm and eggs) although they are usually produced at different times.
Most sponges are hermaphroditic

Question 15

Gemmules

Answer 15

Released in autumn by sponges.

They are aggregates of amoebocytes covered by a hard spongin-like material and covered with spicules

Question 16

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 16

-radial symmetry
-lack an anus
-have cnidocytes
Class Hydrozoa
Class Scyphozoa
Class Anthozoa