Bio-Pac 08: Vocabulary Flashcards
Taxonomy
The branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms.
Karyotype
Chart of homologous chromosomes pairs.
Phylogeny
The evolutionary history of a species.
Division
While animal groups are called phyla, plant groups are called divisions.
Cilia
Short, numerous, hair-like projections from the plasma membrane.
Coelom
A body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm.
Integumentary System
The integumentary system is the organ system made up of body coverings such as skin, feathers, furs, scales, and bark.
Endocrine System
The endocrine system is the organ system that helps control the body functions through chemicals called hormones in things such as the ovaries, testes, thymus, thyroid, adrenal, pineal body, pancreas, pituitary, and hypothalamus.
Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system is one line of defense your body has against outside pathogens. This system maintains homeostasis by keeping body fluids at a constant level, absorbs fats from the digestive tract, and helps defend itself against disease.
Diaphragm
The sheet of muscle located beneath the lungs that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, where the organs are located.
Excretory System
The excretory system is the organ system that cleanses the blood—maintains the body’s fluid and chemical balance .
Setae
Tiny bristles on the sides of the body that help move the worm by anchoring their bodies in the soil .
Spicule
Structures produced by other cells that form the hard support systems of sponges. These are small, needlelike structures located between the cell layers of organisms like sponges .
Ligament
A tough band of connective tissue that connects bones to bones .
