bio lab test final

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

genetic change in a population over time

Question 2

mutation

Answer 2

the change of genetic material/DNA

Question 3

fitness

Answer 3

The relative measure of reproductive success of an organism in passing its genes to the next generation

Question 4

natural selection

Answer 4

a process in nature in which organisms possessing certain genotypic characteristics that make them better adjusted to an environment, tend to survive and pass there genes to the next generation

Question 5

selection/ selection pressure

Answer 5

the process by which some organisms leave more offspring then competing ones

Question 6

5 assumptions for a population at Hardy-Weinberg

Answer 6

1. Large population
2. random mating
3. no gene flow (migration)
4. no mutation
5. no selection pressures

Question 7

molarity

Answer 7

away to measure concentration

-expressed as moles/liters

Question 8

molecular weight

Answer 8

grams/moles

Question 9

aliquot

Answer 9

portion of the total amount

Ex: if the total volume

Question 10

conversion of temperature equation

Answer 10

5(F)=(9xC)+160

Question 11

allele

Answer 11

One of two or more alternative states of a gene

Question 12

dominant allele

Answer 12

an allele that is expressed when present in either the heterozygous or homozyguos condition

Question 13

recessive allele

Answer 13

an allele that is only expressed when present in the homozygous condition

Question 14

homozygous

Answer 14

having two identical alleles of the same gene

Question 15

heterozygous

Answer 15

having two different alleles of the same gene

Question 16

gene

Answer 16

the basic unit of heredity; the sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that encodes a protein tRNA or RNA molecule or regulates the transcription of such a sequence

Question 17

Rhizoid

Answer 17

rootlike structures

Question 18

foot

Answer 18

connects sporophyte to gametophyte

Question 19

haploid

Answer 19

describes gametophyte chromosomes

Question 20

thallus

Answer 20

plant body of all 3 phyla(formely grouped as byrophytes

Question 21

gemmae cups

Answer 21

mean of asexual reproduction by liverworts

Question 22

Antheridia

Answer 22

male sex organs that produce swimming biflagelate sperm in bryophytes

Question 23

archegonia

Answer 23

the female sex organs in bryophytes that produce eggs

Question 24

zygote

Answer 24

the fertilized egg

Question 25

archegonium

Answer 25

where the zygote divides and matures to produce a sporophyte

Question 26

sporophyte

Answer 26

the mature zygote, produces haploid cells

Question 27

gametophyte

Answer 27

where the sporophyte remains attached and is nutritionally dependent

Question 28

gemmae

Answer 28

lens-shaped outgrowths inside the gemmae cups. splashed out by rain. if it lands in a good environment it can produce a new gametophyte plant

Question 29

dioecious

Answer 29

there are separate male and female plants

Question 30

Archegoniophores

Answer 30

specialized stalks on female plants that bear archegonia, consist of a neck and a venter (venter contains the egg)

Question 31

antheridiosphores

Answer 31

specialized stals on the male plants that bear antheridia

Question 32

elaters

Answer 32

help disperse spore by twisting. in humid conditions the elaters coil causing the spore to fall

Question 33

seta

Answer 33

stalk

Question 34

taxonomic key

Answer 34

a systematic framework used for identification purposes. based upon looking for the presence or absence of specific physical characteristics in a directed sequence

Question 35

dichotomous key

Answer 35

taxonomic key were each couplet provides two choices