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Bio 1 > Bio: Fungi and Protists > Flashcards

Bio: Fungi and Protists Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

Plant-like protist. Have 2 flagella. Causes toxic blooms “red tide” when nitrogen or phosphates suddenly is available in the sea and they grow exponentially

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2
Q

Zygomycete

A

Bread mold type. Its hyphae fuse, making zygosporangium, forming diploid cells, and where meiosis occurs. Stalk-like structures emerge.

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3
Q

Fungal diseases in trees

A

Chestnut blight and dutch elm disease

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4
Q

Morels

A

Members of Ascomycete family

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5
Q

Sarcodina

A

Animal-like protist. Amoeboid protozoans

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6
Q

Thallus

A

Leafy portion of a lichen

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7
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Rare pneumonia that first showed up in individuals with AIDS

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8
Q

Algae

A

Plat-like protists. Formerly classified as plants, but they don’t form plant-like embryo. Have flagella that become depolymerized with pressure. E.g. volvox, green algae, brown algae, red algae. 3 types of algae. Multicellular types are called seaweeds (e.g. Kelps).

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9
Q

Ascomycete

A

Spores land on the ground, forms mycelium, then cup shaped fungus, where (+)/(-) cells fuse, going into meiosis. Produces cell with 8 nuclei (spore sac) named asucs

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10
Q

Ciliates

A

Animal-like protists because they don’t form an embryo with blastula stage. Can be single or multi-cell. Use cilia to move around (it beats with eurkaryotic 9+2 structure).

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11
Q

Thrichomaniasis

A

A STD spread by flagellate.

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12
Q

Athlete’s foot

A

Skin fungi

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13
Q

Structure of deuteromycete

A

We don’t know what type of sexual structure it produces

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14
Q

Ringworm

A

Skin fungus, that forms raised whirl that looks like worm, but there is not worm

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15
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Lives in dry bat poop

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16
Q

Structure of basidomycete

A

Club-like cell at the edge of the gills that pushes out the spores.

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17
Q

White nose syndrome

A

Has killed millions of bats.

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18
Q

Mycorrhizae

A

Symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant. Plant shares nutrients, fungus shares minerals from soil and shares with plant

19
Q

Euglenoids

A

Plant-like protist. Has flagellum. Facultative feeders because they have chloroplasts and can function as an autotroph

20
Q

Mycelium

A

Strings of thick, healthy hyphae. Dikaryotic cells. Can produce mushroom structure

21
Q

Germination in a fungus

A

Fusion of diploid cell, will go into meiosis, pushes haploid cells (spores) out.

22
Q

Paramecium

A

Common example of ciliates (animal-like protists).

23
Q

Plasmodium falciparum

A

Most deadly type of malaria

24
Q

Ascus

A

Spore sac produced by ascomycete

25
Q

Radiolarians

A

Amoeba-like protist, that forms silica-based skeleton

26
Q

Spores

A

Cells that are haploid, will grow into haploid structures. Gametes need fertilization to grow into zygote organism. They have (+)/(-) mating types.

27
Q

Chrystophyta

A

Plant-like protist. e.g Diatoms. They form a box-like skeleton out of silica.

28
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

Causes dysentery. move by pseudopod (actin)

29
Q

Slime molds

A

(Dictyostelium discoideum). Fungi-like protists, but are not fungi b/c they don’t have hyphae or mycellium.. There does not appear to be a sexual part of its reproduction. Different from fungi in that

30
Q

Hyphae

A

Strings of cells. Cell walls are made of chitin

31
Q

Lichens

A

Combination of fungus and a photosynthetic partner

32
Q

Foraminiferans

A

Shells make up white cliffs of Dover

33
Q

Plasmodium vivax

A

More common type of malaria, less virulent

34
Q

Thrush

A

Common in kids, makes tongue turn white

35
Q

Sporozoans

A

Animal-like protists. Malarial parasites are common example. Sporozoite to merozoites -> infect red blood cells. Breaking out of red blood cells triggers bouts of chills and fevers.

36
Q

Ergotism

A

Causes hallucinations, twitching, distortion of limbs, found in rye. Thought to be behind Salem witch trials.

37
Q

Yeast

A

Members of Ascomycete family

38
Q

Structure of ascomycete

A

Spore sac (ascus)

39
Q

Protist kingdom

A

“catch-all kingdom”

40
Q

Deuteromycete

A

All of the rest of the fungi, where we don’t know what kind of sexual structure they form. Only asexual as far as we can tell

41
Q

Structure of zygomycete

A

Zygospore (zygosporangium)

42
Q

Flagellates

A

Animal-like protist. Trypanosome brucei (African sleeping sickness). Trypanosome cruzi (chagas disease in S. America). Vector assasin bug. Postbac had Leishmaniasis

43
Q

Giardia

A

An example of flagellate. Only have traces of mitochondria (remnant)

Bio 1 (16 decks)

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