bio exam review (OSSD)

Question 1

Kidney functions

Answer 1

• Osmoregulation (regulation of water and ion balance)
• removal of waste/ toxins
• hormone production + blood pressure control

Question 2

Helicase

Answer 2

breaks hydrogen bonds between bases, unzips and unwinds the helix

Question 3

3 main functions of the nephron

Answer 3

• ultrafiltration
• reabsorption
• secretion

Question 4

The responses of the adaptive immune system are stronger and longer lasting due to the following features:

Answer 4

• memory
• specificity

Question 5

osmoregulation

Answer 5

Osmoregulation is the regulation of water and solute/salt balance/solute concentrations.

Question 6

3 types of neurons

Answer 6

sensory neurons
interneurons
motor neurons

Question 7

speed of nerve impulse

Answer 7

Amount of myelination: the action potential travels more rapidly along myelinated neurons compared with unmyelinated neurons.
Diameter of the axon: the larger surface areas of axons with larger diameters are able to propagate action potentials faster than axons with smaller diameters.
Temperature: the cooler the temperature, the slower the transmission of nerve impulse.

Question 8

hcG

Answer 8

to make sure corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone to support pregnancy