bio exam, guest lectures

Question 1

in Keptin Purdys discussion of traditional indigenous knowledge , we learned about Chaga. What was not described as one of the medicinal benefits of this fungus

Answer 1

highly effect laxative

Question 2

what are invasive species according to Mathew smith

Answer 2

that has been introduced to an environment where it is non-native, or alien, and whose introduction causes environmental or economic damage or harm to human health.” -

Question 3

what are the four invasive species that Mathew smith mentioned

Answer 3

• European green crab
• chain pickeral
• Hemlock wooly adeligid

Question 4

dr smith described invasive species as

Answer 4

Non- native species which have economic, medical or environmental impacts

Question 5

In Ms Ceasers lecture what does the broadleaf plantain do

Answer 5

prefers growing in open sun

is useful for trading insect bites

Question 6

what is the use of Ash trees by Kept Jeff Purdy

Answer 6

pack baskets

Question 7

what are some examples of novel ecosystems (Mathew Smith)

Answer 7

• old field succession

- forest and aquatic ecosystem decline

Question 8

in Dr smiths presentation on conservation in National parks, the national parks act of 1930;

Answer 8

transitioned parks to being developed as a place of preservation

Question 9

how do the fish tags work

Answer 9

the tags take light, depth and temperature

Question 10

What are spring tides

Answer 10

largest tides

Question 11

what are neat tides

Answer 11

happens when the moon is perpendicular to the sun

Question 12

what percent of the minus basin would an instream turbine occupy

Answer 12

A single 16 m diameter turbine in the FORCE site would occupy 0.06% of the Minas Passage X-sectional area

Question 13

what does a hypo-osmotic fish

Answer 13

loses water by osmosis, which it compensates for by drinking water and producing small quantities of urine

Question 14

what is an ecosystem

Answer 14

the biotic assemblage of organisms that live in an area, as well as the abiotic environment affecting that assemblage

Question 15

what is a biosphere

Answer 15

the regions of the earth and atmosphere where living organisms exist

Question 16

what is a population

Answer 16

a group of members of the same species that occupy the same environment and have the potential to interbreed

Question 17

what is a community

Answer 17

an assemblage of different species that live in the same place at the same time

Question 18

what is a biome

Answer 18

a biome is a large community of vegetation and wildlife adapted to a specific climate. Characterized by physical characteristics such as temperature and precipitation

Question 19

what is a biosphere

Answer 19

the region on the surface of the earth and atmosphere where living organism exist

Question 20

what is biodiversity

Answer 20

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habit or ecosystem

Question 21

how does energy flow communities

Answer 21

water
carbon
nitrogen
phosphorous
ultimately lost from an ecosystem as heat

Question 22

what is an aquifer

Answer 22

porous underground deposit that holds water bounded below by impervious layer

Question 23

what are the three phases of stress

Answer 23

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 24

in resistance phase what hormones are released

Answer 24

Cortisol, epinephrine, growth hormone and thyroid hormones

Question 25

what happens in the exhaustion phase of being stressed

Answer 25

insomnia, fatigue, loss of appetite, chronic long term stress

Question 26

what happened in the alarm phase of stress

Answer 26

immediate reaction to a stressor | magnitude of response is related to magnitude of stressor

Question 27

A single oak tree can support hundreds of beetles, caterpillars and other primary consumers. This would be best presented by

Answer 27

an inverted pyramid of numbers

Question 28

in succession, the ability of one species to make the area more suitable for another species is called

Answer 28

facilitation

Question 29

in the island biography model, species richness is a balanced between

Answer 29

immigration and extinction

Question 30

top down factors that can control the population sizes of plants or animals include which of the following

Answer 30

the density of herbivores

Question 31

what is general global pattern of species richness

Answer 31

increasing from polar areas toward the tropics

Question 32

organisms compete indirectly through the consumption of a limited resource

Answer 32

exploitation competition

Question 33

individuals interact directly with one another by physical force or intimidation

Answer 33

interference competition

Question 34

differentiation of niches, both in space and time, that enables similar species to coexist

Answer 34

resource partitioning

Question 35

whatever species gets to an environment first determines subsequent community structure

Answer 35

inhibition

Question 36

an oak tree weighs more than herbivores and predators combined in the food chain

Answer 36

pyramid of biomass

Question 37

what is primary productivity limited mainly by

Answer 37

light and nutrient availability

Question 38

where is primary productivity highest

Answer 38

tropical rainforest and coral reefs where temperature and light are high

Question 39

what are some of the effects of temperature on coral reefs

Answer 39

skeleton is temperature dependant. If water temperatures are too high, the symbiotic algae that live within the corals die

Question 40

are there cold water corals

Answer 40

yes in Nova Scotia

Question 41

what are the effects of salinity in an ecosystem

Answer 41

effects water density, thermal capacity, availability of nutrients

Question 42

what type of fish is freshwater

Answer 42

hyperosmotic; more salts in the tissue, gain water by osmosis

Question 43

what type of fish are saltwater

Answer 43

hypo-osmosis; less salt in the tissue, loses water by osmosis

Question 44

species that tolerate higher salt concentrations in their cells than regular plants

Answer 44

halophytes

Question 45

which piece of plastic-resists longest in the environment

Answer 45

fishing line

Question 46

what type of micro plastics disrupt tissue structure

Answer 46

petroleum based and biodegradable

Question 47

how are terrestrial biomes classified

Answer 47

by annual precipitation and temperature

Question 48

how are aquatic biomes classified

Answer 48

classified by water salinity, current strength, water depth, oxygen content, light availability

Question 49

what is different between the upper and lower hemisphere

Answer 49

The lower hemisphere has more land

Question 50

when a piece of land is constantly thawing and freezing in the arctic, what features are shown

Answer 50

periglacier

Question 51

where in the arctic is there little vegetation

Answer 51

arctic cordillera

Question 52

why is the arctic desert considered as a desert

Answer 52

very little precipitation. no soil, not much to sustain

Question 53

why are arctic plains important

Answer 53

supports artic meadows, great density herbivores

Question 54

what is a sympatic environment

Answer 54

where water is mosty solid, creates and entires food web or biotic community

Question 55

what is a subnivean

Answer 55

sea ice habitat for seals, resting and hunting platform

Question 56

how are killer Wales entering the Hudson Bay

Answer 56

climate change is melting the ice and causing access for killer Wales to enter

Question 57

what is biodiversity

Answer 57

the variety of life forms that exist now and existed in the past

Question 58

what is the "carrying capacity"

Answer 58

the maximum population size that can be sustained by an environment

Question 59

how are exotherms important when understanding climate change

Answer 59

exotherms rely on the environments temperature. As the temperatures increase because of climate change, the population is affected

Question 60

how many species of fish can actually live outside of water

Answer 60

over 400 species

Question 61

how do these fish breathe outside of the water

Answer 61

through pore respiration

Question 62

why are Ethiopias sacred forests important

Answer 62

raise water tables, reduce desertification, lower temperatures because of the shade the trees give, block winds

Question 63

what is the chytrid disease usually found in salamanders. What is is caused by

Answer 63

an infectious disease caused by a fungus

Question 64

what do acoustic tags do

Answer 64

emit an acoustic signal that is detected by receivers when the fish are in range, providing information on when fish pass certain points in the ecosystem

Question 65

warm environments with large amounts of rainfalls; trees and other plants show high diversity are classified as

Answer 65

tropical rainforests

Question 66

low levels of rainfall and moderate temperatures; trees are generally absent. this environment is classified as

Answer 66

temperate grasslands

Question 67

arid treeless and cold environment; plants are low and scrubby, and the soil may be frozen year round.

Answer 67

tundra

Question 68

in coral bleaching, warm water corals lose what? how does that affect the coral

Answer 68

algal symbionts, affects the skeletal growth

Question 69

what is the resident time for a water to cycle the atmosphere

Answer 69

days

Question 70

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through soil

Answer 70

weeks to a year

Question 71

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through lakes

Answer 71

10s of years

Question 72

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through oceans and glacier

Answer 72

1000a of years

Question 73

cold water corals in Nova Scotia are considered a foundation species because

Answer 73

they provide essential habitat for many other species

Question 74

the arctic cordillera is an ecosystem characterized by

Answer 74

mountains, steep coastal cliffs, glaciers and sea birds

Question 75

solar panels near the equator are more efficient at producing green energy than solar panels in temperate location because

Answer 75

at the equator, solar energy enters the atmosphere at a steep angle and therefore is more concentrated per unit area

Question 76

carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern because

Answer 76

it is found in high concentration in the atmosphere relative to other greenhouse gases, and therefore it has a major effect on climate change

Question 77

a community or organisms and its physical environment

Answer 77

ecosystem

Question 78

the regions on the surface of the earth and the atmosphere where living organisms exist

Answer 78

biosphere

Question 79

major types of habitat characterized by distinctive plant and animal life, shaped by large scale climatic processes

Answer 79

biomes