bio exam 1

Question 1

similarities/ differences between polar/nonpolar bonds

Answer 1

Polar molecules have a uniform distribution of electron density. A nonpolar molecule results from an unequal distribution of electron density.They possess both a partial positive charge and which cannot cancel out. Electrons are involved in both kinds of bonding.

Question 2

where is atp stored in a molecule and where does it transfer

Answer 2

bond between the last and middle phosphate groups

Question 3

difference between sucrose and maltose

Answer 3

Sucrose is made up of one unit of glucose and one unit of fructose,ucrose is a non-reducing sugar

Question 4

name a functional group you would expect to find on a fatty acid

Answer 4

carboxyl group

Question 5

what is the role of hydrogen bonding between water molocules in the evaporitive cooling effect of water

Answer 5

Hydrogen bonding explains both the effectiveness of evaporative cooling

Question 6

what chemical force stabilizes primary protein structure

Answer 6

The primary structure is held together by covalent peptide bonds

Question 7

what chemical force stabilizes secondary protein structure

Answer 7

hydrogen bonds, which form between the carbonyl O of one amino acid and the amino H of another.

Question 8

what chemical force stabilizes tertiary protein structure

Answer 8

hydrogen bonding between the oxygen on the C=O

Question 9

what chemical force stabilizes quaternary protein structure

Answer 9

The quaternary structure of proteins is stabilized by noncovalent bonds between complementary surface hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions on the polypeptide subunits

Question 10

where is atp stored in the molecule

Answer 10

in cells,b etween the middle and last phosphate goups

Question 11

where is atp transfered in the molecule

Answer 11

energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring a phosphate group, phosphylation

Question 12

where is atp transfered in the molecule

Answer 12

Energy is transferred from ATP to other molecules by transferring a phosphate group

Question 13

What polysaccharide do insects use to make their exoskeleton?

Answer 13

chitin

Question 14

What subunits (monomers) make up each of the four classes of Biomolecules?

Answer 14

proteins, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids

Question 15

Which functional groups are hydrophobic?

Answer 15

methyl

Question 16

What is the difference between butane and butene?

Answer 16

Butane is unsaturated( it has carbon-carbon single bond) while butene is saturated(it has at least one carbon-carbon double bond)

Question 17

basic structure of a phospholipid

Answer 17

Phospholipids consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group that is modified by an alcohol.

Question 18

What are the three basic parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 18

a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate

Question 19

Which two classes of biomolecules can function as hormones?

Answer 19

proteins or steroids

Question 20

List 5 functions of proteins in cells

Answer 20

structural support, biochemical catalysts, hormones, enzymes, building blocks, and initiators of cellular death

Question 21

What is the name of the covalent bond between amino acids?

Answer 21

peptide bond

Question 22

Explain how the 20 amino acids differ?

Answer 22

The side groups are what make each amino acid different from the others

Question 23

When proteins denature they often become insoluble. At the chemical level, what explains this
behavior.

Answer 23

Denaturation changes the 3D shape of proteins and (parts) will unfold.

Question 24

Explain how the 20 amino acids differ?

Answer 24

The side groups are what make each amino acid different from the others.

Question 25

What is the name of the polysaccharide that stores energy in our liver?

Answer 25

Glycogen, also known as animal starch