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Tressie Beverly - Flashcards and Study Guides > Bio Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Bio Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are cells

A

The basic unit of life, the basic unit of structure and function in living things

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2
Q

Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek?

A

The first person to use a microscope to study nature

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3
Q

Who was Robert Hook?

A

Used a light microscope to look at thin slices of plant tissue, gave cells their name

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4
Q

What is a prokaryote?
Give an example

A

A cell that does not have a nucleus. Example: Bacteria

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5
Q

All cells have what? __________, ___________, and ___________.

A

DNA, cytoplasm, and cell membrane

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6
Q

What is a eukaryote? Give an example

A

Cells that DO have a nucleus. Example: Plant and animal cells

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7
Q

If an organism is prokaryotic, then it is ____ - _______.

A

Single Celled

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8
Q

Provides support and protection for the cell. Permeable.

A

Cell Wall

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9
Q

What does a cell wall allow to pass though it?

A

Water, gases, and substances.

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10
Q

In which types of organisms is the cell wall found?

A

Plants, fungi, protists, and most prokaryotes.

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11
Q

Controls all cell processes and stores DNA, present in all eukaryotic cells, and can be seen as a dark spot in the cytoplasm.

A

The nucleus

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12
Q

Condenses to form chromosomes

A

Chromatin

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13
Q

Surrounded by the nuclear envelope, pores in the envelope allow large molecules to leave the nucleus.

A

Nucleolus

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14
Q

A network of protein filaments the provide support to the cell. Also aids in cell movement.

A

Cytoskeleton

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15
Q

Tiny structures in the cytoplasm, each with a specialized function.

A

Organelles.

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16
Q

Made of RNA, used to build proteins.

A

Ribosomes

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17
Q

Manufactures components of the cell membrane and modifies some proteins

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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18
Q

Modifies proteins, attaches carbohydrates and lipids

A

Golgi apparatus

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19
Q

Break down molecules within the cell

A

Lysosomes

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20
Q

Storage, only found in plant cells

A

Vacuoles

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21
Q

Carries out photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

22
Q

Carries out cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells

A

Mitochondria

23
Q

Regulates what enters and what leaves the cell, provides protection and support

A

Cell membrane

24
Q

The amount of solute per unit volume of solution

A

Concentration

25
Q

Particles spread out evenly

A

Equilibrium

26
Q

The movement of solute particles from high to low concentration

A

Facilitated Diffusion

27
Q

What does diffusion do?

A

Causes many substances to move across the cell membrane but does not require the cell to use energy

28
Q

Allows the diffusion of water across the cell membrane

A

Osmosis

29
Q

When the concentration of the solution is equal to the concentration inside the cell

A

Isotonic

30
Q

When the concentration of the solution is higher than the concentration inside the cell

A

Hypertonic

31
Q

When the concentration of the solution is lower than the concentration inside the cell

A

Hypotonic

32
Q

Diffusion is what kind of transport?

A

Passive transport

33
Q

When particles move without the cell using energy

A

Passive transport

34
Q

When material move against a concentration gradient

A

Active transport

35
Q

A cell takes in large amount of material through an infolding of the cell membrane

A

Endocytosis

36
Q

A cell releases large amounts of material by fusing a vacuole with the cell membrane

A

Exocytosis

37
Q

Single cells living independently in an organism

A

Unicellular organisms

38
Q

When cells do not live independently in an organisms

A

Multicellular organisms

39
Q

Specialized, each with a specific function

A

Cells

40
Q

A group of similar cells with a specific function

A

Tissues

41
Q

Different tissues working together

A

Organs

42
Q

Different organs working together for the same general function

A

Organ systems

43
Q

What is the double layered cell membrane called

A

Lipid bilayer

44
Q

What kind of lipids are in the lipid bilayer

A

Phospho lipids

45
Q

Does diffusion require the cell to use energy?

A

NO!!!!

46
Q

What is the Na/K pump used for?

A

To keep a cell healthy and balanced, transports ions to their higher concentrations

47
Q

What are the two types of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth and rough

48
Q

Describe the smooth ER

A

Doesn’t have ribosomes stuck to it

49
Q

Describe the rough ER

A

Has ribosomes stuck to it

50
Q

In which types of cells can the vacuoles be found

A

Plant cells and sometimes in animal cells, if they are in an animal cell then they are very small

Tressie Beverly - Flashcards and Study Guides (11 decks)

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