BIO CH 2: Part 1: Inherited Genetics

Question 1

Who is the Father of Modern Genetics?

• Austrian Monk
• Mid 1800s
• Studied heredity

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

__: the passing on of characteristics (traits) from parent offspring.

Answer 2

Heredity

Question 3

__: branch of biology that studies heredity.

Answer 3

Genetics

Question 4

What did Mendel do?

Answer 4

• Crossed Tall pea plants with short pea plants (P1 generation).
• All the offspring (F1 generation were Tall)
• When the F1 generation reproduced, 1 in 4 of their offspring (F2 generation) were short and 3 in 4 were tall.

Question 5

Mendel’s Conclusions

• He did the same experiment with _ differ traits ( plant height, pod shape..)
• Concluded that two (2)”factors” aka (__) control each trait.

Answer 5

• 7

- genes on chromosomes

Question 6

Genes exist as alternative forms called __.

Answer 6

alleles.

Question 7

Each allele is located on one __ ( you inherit one form __ __)

Answer 7

• Homologous chromosome

- Each parent

Question 8

Mendel called the “observed” trait ___ ( for example tallness in the F1 generation).

Answer 8

dominant

Question 9

THe trait that “disappeared”, he called __ (for example the shortness in the F1 generation).

Answer 9

Recessive

Question 10

__ __ __: every individual has 2 alleles of each gene and when gametes are produced, each gamete receives on of these alleles.

Answer 10

Law of Segregation

Question 11

__: the way an organism looks externally.

-the plant is tall or short.

Answer 11

Phenotype

Question 12

__: the allele combination organism processes.

Answer 12

genotype

Question 13

__: when the alleles for a trait are the same. (TT or tt)

Answer 13

homozygous

Question 14

__: when the alleles for a trait are different ( Tt)

Answer 14

Heterozygous

Question 15

a __ __ is a chart which shows and predicts all possible gene allele combos in a cross of parents ( whose gene alleles are known).

Answer 15

Punnet square

Question 16

Punnet square named after english geneticist:

Answer 16

Reginald Punnet

Question 17

___: in the heterozygote both alleles will be completely expressed ( 2 phenotypes) (exp?)
-Antigan:

Answer 17

Codominance
blood typing
surface marker

Question 18

• In blood, the gene I codes for a ….

- If cells with differ surface molecules (blood type) enter your body you…

Answer 18

• molecule attached to your blood cells surface.

- immune system attack them.

Question 19

In blood, the ‘?’ allele is dominant in the I allele.

Answer 19

‘I’

Question 20

___: occurs when neither allele in the heterozygous form is truly dominant. Results in a heterozygous offspring with a phenotype intermediate between those of the two homozygous parents ( 1 phenotype).

Answer 20

Incomplete dominance