Bio Bases

Question 1

Dysexecutive Syndrome (cause and symptoms)

Answer 1

Damage to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Impaired working memory, judgment, planning, perseveration, disinterest, apathy

Question 2

Disinhibited Syndrome (cause and symptoms)

Answer 2

Damage to Orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex

Disinhibition, distractibility, lability, immorality

Question 3

Apathetic-Akinetic syndrome

Answer 3

Decreased motor/verbal output, decreased motivation, flat affect.

Question 4

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 4

Receptive aphasia/fluent aphasia

Impaired comprehension of written/spoken language, impaired repetition, anomia.

Question 5

Conduction aphasia (symptoms and cause)

Answer 5

Fairly in-tact comprehension with fluent aphasia. Caused by damage to connection between broca’s and wernicke’s areas.

Question 6

Damage to what region can cause cortical deafness, auditory hallucinations, or auditory agnosia

Answer 6

Superior temporal gyrus (wernicke’s area and auditory cortex)

Question 7

Tactile agnosia

Answer 7

Inability to recognize objects by touch

Question 8

Asomatognosia (definition and cause)

Answer 8

Lack of interest in or recognition of parts of own body. Damage to parietal lobe.

Question 9

Anosognosia

Answer 9

Denial of one’s illness (associated w/ damage to parietal lobe)

Question 10

Hemispatial neglect (definition and cause)

Answer 10

Neglect of left side of body/space (it’s usually left not right). Caused by damage to right parietal lobe.

Question 11

Ideational apraxia (definition and cause)

Answer 11

Inability to plan/perform a sequence of steps. Caused by damage to left parietal lobe.

Question 12

Gertmann’s syndrome (definition and cause)

Answer 12

Finger-agnosia, right/left disorientation, loss of writing/arithmetic skills. Caused by damage to left parietal lobe.

Question 13

What determines hemisphere dominance?

Answer 13

Which side is dominant for language – usually the left.

Question 14

Which hemisphere is responsible for language?

Answer 14

Left

Question 15

Which hemisphere is responsible for logical/analytical thinking?

Answer 15

Left

Question 16

Which hemisphere is responsible for positive emotions?

Answer 16

Left

Question 17

Which hemisphere is responsible for holistic thinking and intuition?

Answer 17

Right

Question 18

Which hemisphere is responsible for spatial relationships?

Answer 18

Right

Question 19

Which hemisphere is responsible for creativity?

Answer 19

Right

Question 20

Which hemisphere is responsible for negative emotions?

Answer 20

Right

Question 21

What happens when a split brain patient sees an object on their right side?

Answer 21

They can say what it is and identify it by touch using right hand but not their left hand (contralateral)

Question 22

What happens when a split brain patient sees an object on their left side?

Answer 22

They can’t say what it is, only identify it by touch with their left hand (contralateral, right brain can’t talk)

Question 23

Ideomotor apraxia (definition and cause)

Answer 23

Inability to follow a verbal instruction for a motor activity (e.g., raise a hand). Caused by damage to left parietal lobe.

Question 23

Which hemisphere is responsible for language?

Answer 23

Left

Question 23

Which hemisphere is responsible for language?

Answer 23

Left