bio A3

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

smallest component of matter

Question 2

molecule

Answer 2

multiple atoms together

Question 3

organelle

Answer 3

present inside a particular cell

Question 4

levels of organization

Answer 4

atom
molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
system
organism

Question 5

tissue

Answer 5

made of many identical cells

Question 6

organ

Answer 6

group of tissues that contribute towards a specific function
- roots
- leaves
- stem
- reproductive

Question 7

organ system:

Answer 7

group of organs working together
- shoot system
- root system

Question 8

shoot system

Answer 8

-above ground
ex. leaves, buds, stems, flowers, fruits

Question 9

root system:

Answer 9

-below ground
ex. roots, tubers, rhizomes

Question 10

organism:

Answer 10

-living
made up of 2 or more organ systems

Question 11

epidermal cells

Answer 11

-protective layer
-no chloroplasts
-transparent
-covered by waxy cuticle

Question 12

stomata

Answer 12

-openings in the lower epidermis
-controls movements of gases and water
-where CO2 enters from
-where O2 exits from

Question 13

guard cells

Answer 13

regulate the opening and closing of the stoma

Question 14

palisade layer

Answer 14

-packed with chloroplasts
-carries out photosynthesis

Question 15

spongy mesophyll

Answer 15

-few chloroplasts
-carries out photosynthesis
-have airspaces between them that allow for water and gas exchange

Question 16

photosynthesis

Answer 16

energy, co2, and h2o –> glucose and o2
solar energy to chemical energy

Question 17

cellular respiration

Answer 17

takes place in mitochondria
-chemical energy to chemical energy
-glucose, o2 –> co2, water, energy

Question 18

ATP

Answer 18

used for cellular functions

Question 19

when light hits the leaf

Answer 19

1. potassium ions are actively transported into the guard cells
2. water follows

Question 20

lenticels

Answer 20

-raised pores in the stem
-allows direct gas exchange

Question 21

transportation of water

Answer 21

-through the xylem (dead cells)
-root pressure, cohesion, adhesion

Question 22

transportation of glucose

Answer 22

through the phloem (living)
-source cell –> companion cell –> phloem
moves DOWN the concentration gradient

Question 23

cohesion

Answer 23

-water molecule to water molecule attraction
-drags water up the xylem

Question 24

adhesion

Answer 24

water molecule to other molecules
-water molecules cling to the xylem wall

Question 25

transpiration

Answer 25

-evaporation pulls water up

Question 26

tropism

Answer 26

movement of a plant part in response to stimulus

Question 27

phototropism

Answer 27

responds to lights

Question 28

gravitropism

Answer 28

responds to gravity

Question 29

auxins

Answer 29

plant hormones
-produced by the tip of the shoot
-cannot function when exposed to direct light
shoots: promote elongation
roots: inhibit elongation