bio #3 test Flashcards
Cells divide for all of the following reasons EXECCPT_____
[ Growth, Repair, Adaptation or Reproduction ]
`Adaptation
Timeline representing the lifespans for different types of cell of the human body
White blood cells -> hours
Gut epithelial -> 3 days
Skin Cells -> 2 weeks
Red blood cells -> 4 months
Liver cells -> 1 year
Fat cells -> 8 years
Bone cells -> 10 years
Muscles cells and neurons -> Lifetime
Which of the following is NOT true of eukaryotic genomes?
[ Made of double-stranded DNA, Located in the nucleus, Circular, ALL ]
Circular
Human somatic cells have how many chromosomes?
46
A diploid cell has ______ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell
[ 1/4, 1/2, twice, fourtimes ]
Twice
An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ______
Genes
Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
[ Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase ]
Interphase
Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
[ Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase ]
Interphase
Chromosomes are duplicated during what portion of the cells cycle?
S phase
Separation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
Anaphase
Describe the number of chromosomes in the parent cell compared to the daughters cell after mitosis?
[ More, Less, Same ]
Same
Mitosis produces daughter cells which are_____
Diploid (2n)
_____ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
Gene mutations
A gene that codes for a positive cell cycle regulator is called _____
a proto-oncogene
Homologous chromosomes are similar but not identical? [ T or F ]
True
Sister chromosomes are identical ? [ T or F ]
True
Describe the number of chromosomes in a cell before mitosis compared to after mitosis. [ More, Less, Same ]
Same
Describe the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell compared to a diploid cell. [ More, Less, Same ]
Less
Select all of the following which are diploid cells. Note: more than one answer may be correct:
Gamete
Somatic cell
Neuron
Sperm
Hepatocyte (liver cell)
Pancreatic cells
Somatic cell
Neuron
Hepatocyte (liver cell)
Meiosis produce ____ daughter cells.
4 haploid
Which of the following are identical to each other
[ Sister chromatids, Non-Sister chromatid’s, Homologous chromosomes, non-homologous chromosomes ]
Sister Chromatids
At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?
Anaphase II
Which part of meiosis is most similar to mitosis?
Meiosis II
If a muscle cell of a typical organism has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in a gamete of that same organism ?
16
Nondisjunction during meiosis I would lead to the failure of separation of ____________
Homologous chromosomes
How many autosomes does a human somatic cell have?
44
The genotype XXY corresponds to _____
Klinefelter syndrome
Mitosis of a cell with the genotype Cc will produce daughter cells with the genotype ___
Cc and Cc
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous recessive ?
bb
Which genotype will produce the domaint phenotype?
BB and Bb
Which of the following genotypes will not produced by a cross between Ff and ff ?
[ FF, Ff, ff ]
FF
What will be the genotypic ratio among offspring for a cross between Nn and NN ?
1 : 1
What is the phenotypical ratio for a dihybrid cross ?
9 : 3 : 3 : 1
