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bio > bio #3 test > Flashcards

bio #3 test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cells divide for all of the following reasons EXECCPT_____
[ Growth, Repair, Adaptation or Reproduction ]

A

`Adaptation

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2
Q

Timeline representing the lifespans for different types of cell of the human body

A

White blood cells -> hours
Gut epithelial -> 3 days
Skin Cells -> 2 weeks
Red blood cells -> 4 months
Liver cells -> 1 year
Fat cells -> 8 years
Bone cells -> 10 years
Muscles cells and neurons -> Lifetime

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3
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of eukaryotic genomes?
[ Made of double-stranded DNA, Located in the nucleus, Circular, ALL ]

A

Circular

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4
Q

Human somatic cells have how many chromosomes?

A

46

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5
Q

A diploid cell has ______ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell
[ 1/4, 1/2, twice, fourtimes ]

A

Twice

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6
Q

An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ______

A

Genes

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
[ Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase ]

A

Interphase

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
[ Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase ]

A

Interphase

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8
Q

Chromosomes are duplicated during what portion of the cells cycle?

A

S phase

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9
Q

Separation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?

A

Anaphase

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10
Q

Describe the number of chromosomes in the parent cell compared to the daughters cell after mitosis?
[ More, Less, Same ]

A

Same

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11
Q

Mitosis produces daughter cells which are_____

A

Diploid (2n)

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12
Q

_____ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

A

Gene mutations

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13
Q

A gene that codes for a positive cell cycle regulator is called _____

A

a proto-oncogene

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14
Q

Homologous chromosomes are similar but not identical? [ T or F ]

A

True

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15
Q

Sister chromosomes are identical ? [ T or F ]

A

True

16
Q

Describe the number of chromosomes in a cell before mitosis compared to after mitosis. [ More, Less, Same ]

A

Same

17
Q

Describe the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell compared to a diploid cell. [ More, Less, Same ]

A

Less

18
Q

Select all of the following which are diploid cells. Note: more than one answer may be correct:

Gamete
Somatic cell
Neuron
Sperm
Hepatocyte (liver cell)
Pancreatic cells

A

Somatic cell
Neuron
Hepatocyte (liver cell)

19
Q

Meiosis produce ____ daughter cells.

A

4 haploid

20
Q

Which of the following are identical to each other
[ Sister chromatids, Non-Sister chromatid’s, Homologous chromosomes, non-homologous chromosomes ]

A

Sister Chromatids

21
Q

At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?

A

Anaphase II

22
Q

Which part of meiosis is most similar to mitosis?

A

Meiosis II

23
Q

If a muscle cell of a typical organism has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in a gamete of that same organism ?

A

16

24
Q

Nondisjunction during meiosis I would lead to the failure of separation of ____________

A

Homologous chromosomes

25
Q

How many autosomes does a human somatic cell have?

A

44

26
Q

The genotype XXY corresponds to _____

A

Klinefelter syndrome

27
Q

Mitosis of a cell with the genotype Cc will produce daughter cells with the genotype ___

A

Cc and Cc

28
Q

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous recessive ?

A

bb

29
Q

Which genotype will produce the domaint phenotype?

A

BB and Bb

30
Q

Which of the following genotypes will not produced by a cross between Ff and ff ?
[ FF, Ff, ff ]

A

FF

31
Q

What will be the genotypic ratio among offspring for a cross between Nn and NN ?

A

1 : 1

32
Q

What is the phenotypical ratio for a dihybrid cross ?

A

9 : 3 : 3 : 1

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