Bio Flashcards
Energy
The ability to do work
Work
Occurs when an object moves against an opposing force
Metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the cell
Anabolism
Chemical reactions that use energy to form new bonds
Catabolism
Chemical reactions that release energy when bonds are broken
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion
Potential Energy
Stored energy
First Law of Thermodynamics
1) The total amount of energy in the universe is constant
2) Energy cannot be created no destroyed - only converted from one form to another
Bond Energy
The amount of energy it takes to break/form bonds
Cellular Respiration
The process in which cells convert nutrients, such as glucose, into energy (catabolic)
Entropy
A measure of disorder or randomness in a system
-Higher Entropy = a lot or disorder/randomness (chaotic)
- Low entropy = there is order (things are organized)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The total entropy of the universe or system + surrounding increases over time
- The universe naturally moves towards disorganization and chaos over time
- Entropy - refers to the entropy of the whole universe
Waste Energy
When energy is transferred, some of it is always lost along the way → can’t be used (water energy), usually in the form of heat.
Free energy
The energy available to do work
Spontaneous Change
A process in which once it starts, it keeps going on its own without the need for extra energy to keep it going
Spontaneous: fire
Non-spontaneous: boiling water
