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biology gcse > bio > Flashcards

bio Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the equation for Aerobic respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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2
Q

What do you use to test for starch?

A

Iodine

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3
Q

What do you use to test for sugar?

A

Benedict’s solution

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4
Q

What do you use to test for Lipids/Fats?

A

Ethanol

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5
Q

What do you use to test for protein?

A

biuret test

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6
Q

what is the equation for Anaerobic respiration?

A

C6H12O6 —> C3H6O3 (+energy)

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7
Q

what is the equation for Fermentation/Yeast?

A

C6H12O6 —> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

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8
Q

what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen + Glucose —> Carbon Dioxide + Water

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9
Q

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose —> Lactic acid + energy

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10
Q

what is the word equation for fermentation/yeast?

A

Glucose —> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

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11
Q

where does blood from the vena cava flow into the heart?

A

right atrium

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12
Q

what is mitosis needed for in multi cellular organisms?

A

Cell division by mitosis is important in the growth and development of multicellular organisms

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13
Q

how do bacteria cells reproduce?

A

Bacteria multiply by a type of simple cell division known as binary fission

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14
Q

How often do bacteria cells multiply in ideal conditions?

A

In the right conditions, some species of bacteria (such as coli) can multiply as much as once every 20 minutes

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15
Q

What is a stem cell?

A

A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell

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16
Q

what is binary fission?

A

it is the mitosis of the bacteria

17
Q

what is diffusion?

A

substance or gas going from high too low concentration

18
Q

what is osmosis?

A

diffusion of water through either high too low or low too high via permeable membrain

19
Q

what is active transport?

A

Transports substances from a low concentration to a high concentration up the concentration gradient. this requires intervention ( plants or animals do this intentionally)

20
Q

how does the blood travel through the heart?

A

it comes from the lungs, it goes to the vena cava and enters right atrium and then the right ventricle and exits out the pulmonary artery and for the left it enters from the pulmonary vein and goes to the left atrium and then left ventricle then it exits out of the aorta the heart is swapped (Left is right and right is left)

21
Q

translocation

A

Phloem tissue transports dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage​

22
Q

Transpiration​

A

Water travels up xylem from the roots into the leaves of the plant to replace the water that has been lost due to transpiration​. Lost through stemata.

23
Q

Virus

A

measles, HIV, Tobacco mosiac virus​

24
Q

Bacteria

A

salmonella, Gonorrhoea​

25
Q

Fungi

A

rose black spot

26
Q

Protist

A

malaria

27
Q

Phagocytes

A

Phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens, this can be non-specific or helped by antibodies which cause agglutination (clumping) of pathogens​

28
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Lymphocytes produce antibodies​. The aim of antibody production is to produce the antibody that is specific (complementary) to the antigens on the surface of the pathogen​

29
Q

Metabolism
​

A

Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body – these reactions happen all of the time​

​

30
Q

what is anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose -> Lactic acid in cytoplasm

31
Q

what is aerobic respiration?

A

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

32
Q

what does Stents do?

A

A stent is a small medical device used to treat and prevent the narrowing or blockage of blood vessels by providing structural support to keep them open, thereby restoring or maintaining normal blood flow. structure is in the form of a tube

33
Q

pros and cons of stents?

A

pro: surgery is quick
last long time
con: surgery has risks
blood cloting

34
Q

what does Statins do?

A

primarily lower levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of heart disease and related cardiovascular events.

35
Q

pros and cons of Statins?

A

pros: decreases bad cholesterol
lowers chance of CHD and others
cons: have to constantly take
side effects

36
Q

what is Replacement valves for?

A
37
Q

pros and cons of Replacement valves?

A
38
Q

pros and cons of Replacement hearts?

A

biology gcse (8 decks)

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