Bio 121 Lab 5,6,7 Flashcards
RO Picea
Phylum Coniferophyta
“Spruce tree”
(Gymnosperm- naked seed)
RO Lilium
Phylum Anthophyta
“Prairie lily”
(Angiosperm- enclosed sperm)
RO Grantia
Phylum Poriphera
“Sponges”
(Parazoa- no true tissue)
RO Hydra
Phylum Cnidaria
“Water serpent”
(Eumetazoa- distinct tissue)
Diploblastic acoelomate
RO Dugesia
Phylum Platyheminthes
“Flatworms”
(Eumetazoa- distinct tissue)
Triploblastic acoelomate
RO Turbatrix
Phylum Nematoda “Vinegar eel worm” (Roundworms) (Eumetazoa- distinct tissue) Triploblastic pseudocoelomate
RO Lumbricus
Phylum Anneldia
“Earth worm”
(Segmented worm)
RO Pomacea
Phylum Mollusca
“Apple snail/mystery snail”
RO Cambarus
Phylum Arthropoda
“Crayfish”
Parazoa
No true tissue
Ex. Grantia (sponges)
Eumetazoa
Distinct tissue layers
Ex. Hydra, Dugesia, Turbatrix
Polyp
Sessile form Solitary or colonial Body column Crown tentacles Basal disc attach to surface
Medusa
Motile form
Upside down polyp
Free swimming
Tentacles hang under dome body
Gastrovascular cavity
One mouth/anus
Ex. Hydra, Dugesia
Tubular gut
Separate mouth and anus
Ex. Turbatrix, lumbricus, pomacea, cambarus
Filter feeding
Creates current to stir up particles
Ex. Grantia
Detrivores
Recycle nutrients to ecosystem
Ex. Cambarus
Molting
Shedding of chitinous exoskeleton
Ex. Arthropods
Cephalization
Concentration of nerve structures at the head
Diploblastic aceolomate
2 germ layers
Ex. Hydra
Triploblastic aceolomate
3 germ layers
Ex. Dugesia
Triploblastic pseudoceolomate
3 germ layers, gap between endoderm and mesoderm
Ex. Turbatrix
Triploblastic coelomate
3 germ layers
Fluid filled cavity within mesoderm
Ex. Lumbricus, pomacea, Cambarus
Coelom
Fluid filled body cavity within mesoderm
Monocots
1 cotydelon 3n flower parts Parallel veins Scattered vascular tissue Fibrous roots
Dicots
2 cotydelons Branched veins 4n 5n flower parts Ring vascular tissue Tap roots
Radial symmetry
X4
Bilateral symmetry
2x
Gymnosperm
“Naked seed”
Ex. Picea
Angiosperm
“Enclosed seeds”
Ex. Lilium
Parts of ovule (seed)
Female gametophyte
Megasporangium
Integuments (2 layers)
Micropyle (top)
Female flower part
Pistil: (made of carpels)
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Male flower part
Stamen:
Anther
Filament
Petals
Colorful
Sepals
Green (protect)
Receptacle
Inside around ovule
Funiculus
Short wide stalk of ovule in ovary
Locule
Internal chamber (ovule inside) of ovary
Placenta
Central tissue of pistil
4 types of leaves
Petals (colourful/attract)
Sepals (green enclosed)
Stamens (male, pollen-producing anther of 4 microsporangia)
Carpels (female, fused=pistil, stigma, style, ovary houses ovule)
Porifera cell walls
Spongin (fibrous protein) and spicules (calcium carbonate or silica)
Spongocoel
Internal cavity lined with flagellated cells
Osculum
Spongocoel opening releases water and waste = filter feeding
Mesoglea
Holds together epidermis and gastrodermis
Cnidoblasts
Contain microscopic nematocysts with venomous harpoons for immobilizing prey and defense
Auricles and eyespots
Auricles: sensitive to touch/chemical signals
Eyespots: sensitive to light
Pharynx
Muscular tube of Dugesia that searches for food
Muscular pharynx
Force to propel food through gut in Turbatrix
Pseudocoelom
Gap between endoderm and mesoderm that stores fat droplets
Hermaphrodites
Produces male and female gametes
Ex. Grantia(sponge) Dugesia(flatworm) Lumbricus(earthworm)
Cuticle
Protective outer layer of Lumbricus, must be kept moist (respire through skin)
Clitellum
Thickened region of Lumbricus covers 6 segments (involved in sexual reproduction) secretes thick mucus to attach worms exchanging sperm
Segmentation
Important for Lumbricus locomotion (circular and longitudinal muscles inversely contract/relax)
5 hearts
Pump blood into ventral blood vessel of Lumbricus
Lumbricus layers
Epidermis Circular muscle (outer mesoderm) Longitudinal muscle (outer mesoderm) Coelom Inner mesoderm endoderm
Mollusca
Soft bodies
Gills and lungs
Mollusca 3 parts
- Foot: locomotion muscular contractions
- Visceral mass: contains internal organs
- Mantle: fold of tissue which secretes the shell
Tongue-like radula
Bear many teeth, used to eat plants and scrape food off rocks (Mollusca)
Chelipeds
Bear large pincers
Defender
Subdue prey
Sexual display
Mouthparts
Maxillipeds, maxillae: break food
mandibles: cut/grind food
Walking legs
Attached to cephalothorax
Locomotion
Pincers on 2 anterior pairs for food
Feathery gills
- Attached to basal segments
- Walking legs move water over gills for oxygen
Pleopods
(Swimming legs)
Create water current over gills
x3 pairs male
x5 pairs female
Gonopods
x2 pairs male
Transfer sperm to female seminal receptacle
Tail fan
Propels animal
Telson- middle
Uropods- sides
