Biliary Disorders Flashcards
What is the primary functions of the gallbladder
concentrate, store, and excrete bile
bile consists off ______, ______, ______, _______, _______, and _______
bile salts
cholesterol
bilirubin
water
phospholipids
electrolytes
Function of bile
emulsification of fat for digestion
formation of micelles to transport fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins to intestinal brush border for absorption
LEFT:
right hepatic duct
gallbladder
cystic duct
duodenum
RIGHT:
left hepatic duct
pancreas
common hepatic duct
pancreatic duct
what is Colelithiasis
formation of stones (calculi) in the gallbladder
stones in gallbladder consist of _____, ______, and ______
cholesterol
bilirubin
calcium salts
when do stones form in cholelithiasis
There is an imbalance in the substances that make up bile=> too much free cholesterol
Inability of the gallbladder to empty properly
RISK FACTORS FOR CHOLELITHIASIS
_____ gender
______ age
Ethnicity ?
Condition ______
Diseases ?
female
older
native Americans, Scandinavian, and Mexican american
pregnancy
DM, CD, cirrhosis
RISK FACTORS FOR CHOLELITHIASIS
Obesity & _______ distribution
High dietary____ intake over a prolonged period
Physical inactivity
Rapid _______
Medications: _____, ______, and _______
Long-term __________
android fat
fat
weight loss
oral contraceptives, estrogen therapy, gemfibrozil
parenteral nutrition
Choledocholithiasis
gallstone becomes lodged in the common bile duct leading to obstruction
bilirubin is fromed from
broken down hemoglobin
signs and symptoms of choledocholithiasis
cramping pain
increases bilirubin
jaundice
complications
fat malabsorption
cholecystitis
liver damage
lodged in sphincter of oddi (gallstone pancreatitis)
Treatment of Cholelithiasis include a __________,
__________ medications such as __________,
____________________
_____________ for stones in bile dict or sphincter of oddi
cholecystectomy
litholytic medications (ursodeoxycholic)
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)
Prevention of Cholelithiasis
Recommend a diet low in _____ and high in ____
Replace simple sugars & refined CHO sources with _______ sources
Encourage a more _______ diet
Weight reduction to achieve desirable body weight
However, avoid severe fasting, VLCD, & weight cycling
______ physical activity
SFA
fiber
high fiber
plant-based
Increase
Cholecystitis
inflammation of the bladder
choledocholithiasis
bile back up
cholecystitis can be caused from ?
choledocholitiasis - bile back up
cholestasis
impaires gallbladder emptying
Symptoms of cholecystitis
RUG pain
N/V
- eating foods high in _____ may aggravate symptoms
treatment of cholecystitis
cholectectomy
After cholecystectomy=> advance to a _______ including sources of________ as tolerated
Note – some patients may experience symptoms of gastritis secondary to duodenogastric reflux of bile acids post-op
Regular diet
MNT for chronic cholecystitis
long term low fat diet 25-30% and low in SFA
MAY NEED TO RESTRIST FOOD that cause gas
