Big Red Flashcards
Why is metoclopramide contraindicated in pheochromocytoma
It can cause release of catecholamines from the tumor
Folate and B12 deficiency causes what type of anemia
Hypochromic, macrocytic anemia
Most frequent cause of digitalis toxicity
Renal failure, other causes include: hypokalemia, hypothyroidism, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia
Accepted minimal stump pressure in carotidendarterectomy (CEA)
> 50 mmHg
Hallmark of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) toxicity
Unexplained metabolic acidosis caused by cyanide toxicity
Treatment for metabolic alkalosis
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor like acetazolamide
Which beta blocker acts in concert with insulin to potentiate hypoglycemia
Propranolol (inderal)
Hyperaldosteronism leads to what acid/base status and what electrolyte imbalance
Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia, because H+ and K+ ions are lost in urine while Na and H2O are reabsorbed in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
Problem with phenoxybenzamine that has led to use of other agents?
Reflex tachycardia which is limited in newer agents like doxazosin, terazosin, and prazosin
Which lasers cause cornea damage and which cause retinal damage?
CO2: cornea
Ruby, helium, argon: retina
Hemoglobinopathy that is characterized by chocolate colored blood and urine
Methemoglobinemia
Elective surgery should be cancelled if diastolic BP is greater than?
110 mmHg
Why is dobutamine used instead of adenosine for cardiac stress testing
Adenosine can cause reactive bronchospasm
Maternal mortality in pregnant women with Eisenmenger’s syndrome
30-50%
What is cobb’s angle?
Scoliosis assessment. >60 degrees is associated with decreased pulmonary fxn. >100 degrees predicts severe cardiac and respiratory dysfunction
3 major problems associated with scoliosis
Restrictive lung disease, Cor pulmonale, mitral valve prolapse
Advantages of LMWH over unfractionated heparin
Can be given at home, no lab monitoring, longer half life, more predictable anticoagulant response, less HIT.
3 main side effects of cyclosporin
Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, prolonged neuromuscular blockade
Mechanism of action for cyclosporin
Inhibits T-lymphocyte mediated immune response
Irreversible hemorrhagic shock occurs with what percent of blood loss?
40%
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has what effect with nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
Resistance to non depolarizers
Most significant anesthetic concerns regarding sarcoidosis
Inflammatory granulomatous disease affects all organs but importantly restrictive lung, liver dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmias, peripheral neuropathies
