ACE 2014-11B Flashcards
Most prominent side effect of cisplatin
Renal toxicity
Most prominent side effect of vincristine
Neurotoxicity
Most prominent side effect of cyclophosphamide
Myelosuppression
Most prominent side effect of bleomycin
Pulmonary toxicity
Anatomic reference point of zero for transducer for a lumbar CSF drain
External auditory meatus
Omphalocele or gastroschisis is associated with congenital cardiac anomalies
Omphalocele
FRC is how many mL per kg?
30 mL/kg
Risk of meconium stained amniotic fluid is related to gestational age and birth weight in proportion or inverse proportion
Proportion
Recommendations for presence of meconium stained amniotic fluid in a vigorous term neonate
No intervention required
Most likely clinically significant electrolyte abnormality to occur with prolonged infusion of oxytocin
Hyponatremia because of water retention from the vasopressin-like anti diuretic actions of oxytocin
How does increased gastric pH affect the GI absorption of methadone?
Increases (eg patient taking a PPI will have increased plasma methadone levels)
Glycine is inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmitter?
Inhibitory
Glutamate is inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmitter?
Excitatory
Chassaignac tubercle is at what cervical level?
It’s the C6 transverse process.
First rib, lung apices usually are located at what cervical level
C7
Stellate ganglion lies on what border of the longus colli muscle
Lateral border
Suprascapular nerve originates from which nerve roots?
C5-6 with variable contribution from C4
Nerve that innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles
Suprascapular nerve
Three parts to evaluating postoperative respiratory function in patient undergoing lung resection
Respiratory mechanics (FEV1) Gas exchange (DLCO) Cardiopulmonary function (VO2 max)
Climbing 2 flights of stairs corresponds to what VO2 max?
12 mL/kg/min
Manifestation of acute acetaminophen overdose in the first 24 hours
Nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, pallor, diaphoresis, fatigue
Primary treatment for acetaminophen toxicity
N-acetylcysteine, which increases synthesis of glutathione which is essential to detoxification of acetaminophen
How are the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade changed when a patient has burns on more than 30% of body surface
Decreased sensitivity (larger dose needed) Prolonged onset of action Shortened duration of action
Methemoglobin shifts oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve in what direction
Left
Sulfhemoglobin shifts oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve in what direction
Right
What’s the antidote for sulfhemoglobin?
None, elimination of sulfhemoglobin occurs with the destruction of the red blood cell
Pain relief from codeine comes from metabolism of codeine to what?
Morphine
Codeine is metabolized by what enzyme?
P450 enzyme, specifically cytochrome CYP2D6
Medications that are best known as CYP2D6 inhibitors
SSRI (fluoxetine, paroxetine), diphenhydramine, bupropion.
Medications that are best known as CYP2D6 inducers
Dexamethasone, rifampicin.
Antibiotics that prolong neuromuscular blockade
Aminoglycosides, penicillins, polymyxins, bacitracin
Proposed mechanism for prolonged neuromuscular blockade by aminoglycosides
Decreased release of acetylcholine: 1) competition with calcium 2) modification of prejunctional membrane
Bier block is safer with lidocaine or prilocaine
Prilocaine
Disorder of pregnancy with severe hypoglycemia and elevated serum ammonia levels.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
