Bias (UW)

Question 1

Selection bias?

Answer 1

It results from selection of study subjects that are not representative of the study population

Question 2

It results from selection of study subjects that are not representative of the study population?

Answer 2

Selection bias

Question 3

Referral bias?

Answer 3

It results when patients are sampled from specialized medical centers and therefore, they do not represent the general population

Question 4

It results when patients are sampled from specialized medical centers and therefore, they do not represent the general population?

Answer 4

Referral bias

Question 5

Non-response bias?

Answer 5

It results when study design allows subjects to decide whether or not to participate in the study

Question 6

It results when study design allows subjects to decide whether or not to participate in the study

Answer 6

Non-response bias

Question 7

Prevalence bias (Neyman bias)?

Answer 7

It results when incidence of a disease is estimated based on prevalence, and data become skewed selective survival

Question 8

It results when incidence of a disease is estimated based on prevalence, and data become skewed selective survival

Answer 8

Prevalence bias (Neyman bias)

Question 9

measurement bias?

Answer 9

it results from inaccurate estimation of exposure and/or outcome

Question 10

it results from inaccurate estimation of exposure and/or outcome

Answer 10

measurement bias

Question 11

recall bias?

Answer 11

it results mainly in case-control studies where effect of exposure may be overestimated

Question 12

it results mainly in case-control studies where effect of exposure may be overestimated

Answer 12

recall bias

Question 13

observer bias (ascertanment bias, detection bias, assessment bias)?

Answer 13

It results when the investigator’s decision is adversely affected by knowledge of the exposure status

Question 14

It results when the investigator’s decision is adversely affected by knowledge of the exposure status

Answer 14

observer bias (ascertanment bias, detection bias, assessment bias)

Question 15

attrition bias?

Answer 15

it is a type of selection bias in which there is a loss to follow-up which occurs DISPROPORTIONATELY between exposed and non-exposed subjects

Question 16

it is a type of selection bias in which there is a loss to follow-up which occurs DISPROPORTIONATELY between exposed and non-exposed subjects

Answer 16

attrition bias

Question 17

surveillance bias?

Answer 17

it occurs when the exposed group undergoes increased monitoring relative to the general population. This tends to increase disease diagnoses compared to the general population

Question 18

it occurs when the exposed group undergoes increased monitoring relative to the general population. This tends to increase disease diagnoses compared to the general population

Answer 18

surveillance bias

Question 19

ecologic fallacy?

Answer 19

this is a bias which occurs when population-level information is applied to an individual level

Question 20

this is a bias which occurs when population-level information is applied to an individual level

Answer 20

ecologic fallacy

Question 21

volunteer bias?

Answer 21

this is a bias which occurs when a sample of volunteers misrepresents its target population and threatens generalizability (ie external validity)

Question 22

this is a bias which occurs when a sample of volunteers misrepresents its target population and threatens generalizability (ie external validity)

Answer 22

volunteer bias