Bias

Question 1

What is Sponsor Bias?

Answer 1

Sponsor Bias = Funding Bias

Sponsor bias studies outcomes that support interests of the study’s
financial sponsor

Question 2

What is Confirmatory Bias?

Answer 2

Confirmatory Bias is looking for and valuing information that confirms what we believe;
misleads us about what is true

Question 3

What is Culture Bias?

Answer 3

Culture Bias is interpreting phenomena based on standards inherent to one’s own culture

Question 4

What is Question-order Bias?

Answer 4

inadvertently influencing responses due to the order questions are
asked

Question 5

What is Cognitive Bias?

Answer 5

mistake in reasoning, evaluating, remembering, or other cognitive process,
often occurring as a result of holding onto personal beliefs regardless of contrary
information (i.e. bandwagon effect)

Question 6

What is Sampling/selection bias?

Answer 6

sample obtained is not reflective of the target population

Question 7

What is Response Bias?

Answer 7

survey bias; tendency for participants to answer questions untruthfully or
inaccurately

Question 8

What is Interviewer Bias?

Answer 8

distortion of response to an interview, which results from differential
reactions to the style and personality of the interviewer, or to their presentation of
questions

Question 9

What is Performance Bias?

Answer 9

when one group of subjects gets more attention than another group,
which results in differences between groups

Question 10

What is Measurement Bias?

Answer 10

systematic error; systemically overstating or understating the true value
of a measurement

Question 11

What is Research Bias?

Answer 11

is when systematic error causes a preference for one outcome over another;
problematic or incomplete controls that result in skewed observations

Question 12

What is Pre-Trial Bias?

Answer 12

is selection bias (difference in selecting participants across groups) &
channeling bias (placing participants in study conditions according to factors like age or
prognosis)

Question 13

What is Bias During Clinical Trial?

Answer 13

interviewer, chronology, recall, transfer, misclassification, &
performance bias

Question 14

What is Bias After Clinical Trial?

Answer 14

citation, publication, & confounding bias