BI242 Stem Cell Transplantation

Question 1

What is the rational for BMT? (2)

Answer 1

1) replacement of hematopoiesis

2) cure of malignancies

Question 2

What are the 2 types of BMT?

Answer 2

1) Autologous

2) allogeneic

Question 3

What is an autologous BMT?

Answer 3

infusion of your own stem cells

Question 4

what is an allogeneic BMT?

Answer 4

infusion of stem cells from someone else

Question 5

Explain the process of getting an autologous BMT

Answer 5

• stem cells are collected prior to transplant
• patient is given high doses of chemotherapy
• stem cells are replaced/infused
• blood counts recover much earlier

Question 6

Explain the process of getting an allogeneic BMT

Answer 6

• stem cells are collected from A DONOR
• the patient is given high doses of chemotherapy
• stem cells are infused
• blood counts recover a few weeks later

Question 7

What is GVHD?

Answer 7

Graft versus host disease; a severe autoimmune reaction where donor immune cells (T/B cells) recognize host tissues as foreign and mount an attack. This syndrome is what resulted after performing animal studies on BMT in the 1950s

Question 8

The discovery of _______ lead to decreased GVHD syndrome after BMT.

Answer 8

HLA matching

Question 9

What does HLA stand for?

Answer 9

Human Leucocyte Antigen

Question 10

What are sources of stem cells? (3)

Answer 10

1) Bone marrow harvest
2) Peripheral Blood Collection
3) Umbilical cord cells

Question 11

What are common indications for BMT?

Answer 11

1) lymphoma/multiple myeloma
2) acute leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndrome
3) Marrow failure

Question 12

What kind of BMT transplantation is used in lymphoma/multiple myeloma?

Answer 12

autologous

Question 13

What kind of BMT transplantation is used in acute leukemia/MDS?

Answer 13

allogeneic

Question 14

What kind of transplantation is used in marrow failure?

Answer 14

allogeneic

Question 15

what is the most significant complication of autologous transplantation?

Answer 15

disease relapse

Question 16

True or False: the risk of death due to transplant using autologous transplant is 1-5%

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Who has a higher risk of death? Someone who undergoes autologous transplantation or someone who undergoes allogeneic transplantation?

Answer 17

allogeneic

Question 18

what are the risks of allogeneic transplantation?

Answer 18

1) death (20-30%)
2) graft-versus-host disease
3) relapse

Question 19

What are some common post BMT infections?

Answer 19

aspergillus, CMV, EBV, PJP