BI203 Midterm 3 Wrong Answers Review

Question 1

___ is the kinase which can control global translation and phosphorylate eIF2B in the PI 3-kinase pathway.

Answer 1

GSK3

Question 2

All of the microtubules in a(n) ___ (those carrying black/grey cargo) are oriented in the SAME direction!

Answer 2

axon

Question 3

All of the microtubules in an axon (those carrying black/grey cargo) are oriented in the ___ direction!

Answer 3

same

Question 4

Some intracellular signaling pathways involve chains of protein kinases as seen in the ___ ___ signaling module.

Answer 4

MAP kinase

Question 5

All transmembrane proteins will traverse the secretory pathway, and thus at one point have their transmembrane domains inserted into the ___ ___.

Also, all transmembrane proteins have ___ amino acids embedded within the membrane.

Answer 5

endoplasmic reticulum, hydrophobic

Question 6

Chromosome movement during mitosis is based on the rearrangements of ___ and is independent of actin and myosin.

Answer 6

microtubules

Question 7

Peroxisomes are ___ a destination for vesicles leaving the Golgi Apparatus.

Answer 7

NOT

Question 8

Peroxisomes bud directly from the ___, not the Golgi.

Answer 8

ER

Question 9

___ is a product of glycolysis which must be transported into the mitochondria to begin the Citric Acid Cycle.

*Acetyl CoA and citric acid are intermediates generated from pyruvate DURING the Citric Acid Cycle.

Answer 9

pyruvate

Question 10

Lamin proteins (of the nuclear lamina) are a type of ___ ___.

Answer 10

intermediate filament

Question 11

An important step in the import of the transcription factor NF-kB into the nucleus is regulated by a ___. The phosphorylation of lkB frees up the NLS of NF-kB to be read (NF-kB can now be imported).

Answer 11

kinase

Question 12

Dystrophin links the ___ filaments of muscle cells to the ___ ___. Any interactions with the extracellular matrix are indirect.

Answer 12

actin, plasma membrane

Question 13

The major function of ___ is to oxidize certain organic molecules and degrade the H2O2 produced by these reactions.

Answer 13

peroxisomes

Question 14

The major function of peroxisomes is to oxidize certain ___ ___ and degrade the ___ produced by these reactions.

Answer 14

organic molecules, H2O2

Question 15

The NLS is typically a short sequence of BASIC amino acids, such as: ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 15

Lys, Arg, His

Question 16

Gaucher disease is a failure of lysosomes in macrophages to hydrolyze ___.

Answer 16

glycolipids

Question 17

Gaucher disease is a failure of ___ in macrophages to hydrolyze glycolipids.

Answer 17

lysosomes

Question 18

cAMP activates phosphorylase which stimulates the breakdown of ___ to ___.

Answer 18

glycogen to glucose

Question 19

Elevated levels of cAMP will lead to ___ levels of glucose.

Answer 19

high

Question 20

The following statements provide evidence for the signal hypothesis for the targeting of a secretory protein to the rough ER:

A normally cytosolic protein is ___ when a specific sequence is added to it by genetic engineering. The protein is ___ when synthesized in vitro on free polysomes. The secretory protein ends up in the cytosol when a short sequence is ___ by genetic engineering.

Answer 20

secreted, larger, deleted

Question 21

Dark band = ___ filaments.

Answer 21

myosin

Question 22

Light band = ___ filaments.

Answer 22

actin

Question 23

___ band = Thick myosin filaments.

Answer 23

Dark band

Question 24

___ band = Thin actin filaments.

Answer 24

Light band

Question 25

During sarcomere contraction, the ___ ___ (___ ___) remains fairly CONSTANT in its length.

Answer 25

dark band (myosin II)

Question 26

During muscle contraction, the ___ ___ and ___ ___ CHANGE LENGTH.

Answer 26

H Band, I Band

Question 27

___ cells and ___ are so specialized that they cannot undergo mitosis.

Answer 27

muscle cells, neurons

Question 28

The ___ ___ nucleates new actin filaments at the side of an existing filament.

Answer 28

ARP2/3 complex

Question 29

___ regulates the availability of actin monomers.

Answer 29

profilin

Question 30

___ is important for the growth of straight actin filaments.

Answer 30

formin

Question 31

___ contracts the rear of the cell.

Answer 31

myosin

Question 32

___ is involved in focal adhesions.

Answer 32

integrin

Question 33

The ARP2/3 complex nucleates ___ ___ ___ at the side of an existing filament.

Answer 33

new actin filaments

Question 34

Profilin regulates the availability of ___ ___.

Answer 34

actin monomers

Question 35

Formin is important for the growth of ___ ___ ___.

Answer 35

straight actin filaments

Question 36

Myosin contracts the ___ of the cell.

Answer 36

rear

Question 37

Integrin is involved in ___ ___.

Answer 37

focal adhesions

Question 38

___ is a microtubule plus-end tracking protein (+TIP), a family of proteins that mainly target the growing end of the microtubule and promote tubulin addition within the cytoplasm.

Answer 38

CLASP2

Question 39

CLASP2 is a ___ ___ ___ protein (+TIP), a family of proteins that mainly target the growing end of the microtubule and promote tubulin addition within the cytoplasm.

Answer 39

microtubule plus-end tracking protein

Question 40

CLASP2 is a microtubule plus-end tracking protein (+TIP), a family of proteins that mainly target the growing end of the microtubule and promote ___ ___ within the cytoplasm.

Answer 40

tubulin addition

Question 41

A mutation resulting in overexpression of CLASP2 in human neurons would most likely result in both ___ and ___ growth and proliferation.

Answer 41

axon and dendrite