BI203 Lecture 24: Apoptosis (Slides 1 - 13) Flashcards
Cancer can ALSO arise from mutations which inhibit ___ = programmed cell death.
apoptosis
___ = Accidental cell death due to acute injury, resulting in cell lysis & inflammation.
necrosis
___ = Programmed cell death.
apoptosis
Cell corpses are removed by ___.
phagocytosis
Roles of apoptosis:
1) Elimination of cells and tissues during ___.
2) Normal cell turnover throughout life (i.e. ___ cells).
3) Elimination of ___ or dangerous cells.
4) Maintenance of cell ___.
development, hematopoietic, damaged, associations
___ cells = Cells of our blood and immune system.
Lifetime of ___ cells = 1 day - few months.
hematopoietic cells
Too ___ apoptosis can lead to cancer and autoimmune diseases.
little
Too ___ apoptosis can lead to neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s).
much
Too little apoptosis can lead to ___ and ___ ___.
cancer, autoimmune diseases
Too much apoptosis can lead to ___ ___.
neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s)
Apoptosis is characterized by:
___ fragmentation
Chromatin ___
Fragmentation of the ___ and ___
DNA, condensation, nucleus, cell
___ degrade DNA.
DNase
Most common DNase = ___ ___ ___ (CAD).
Caspase-Activated DNase
___ ___ is a common hallmark used experimentally to determine if cells are undergoing apoptosis.
DNA fragmentation
___ degrade nuclear proteins (e.g., lamins), resulting in nuclear fragmentation.
proteases
