Better Unit 3 Definitions

Question 1

Hypernea

Answer 1

increased pulmonary ventilation to match oxygen needs.

Question 2

FEV1/FVC

Answer 2

A test that measures the % of FVC expelled in one second. #[fev1/fvc]#

Question 3

Hyperventilation

Answer 3

Increase in pulmonary ventilation that exceeds the oxygen needs of metabolism.

Question 4

Partial Pressure

Answer 4

Pressure exerted by an individual gas where it be oxygen or carbon dioxide.

Question 5

Minute Ventilation

Answer 5

Volume of air breathed each minute.

Question 6

FVC

Answer 6

Forced Vital Capacity - Total air volume moved in one breath from full inspiration to maximum expiration

Question 7

OBLA

Answer 7

The level of exercise intensity or oxygen uptake at which blood lactate begins to rise above a 4.0 mM/L baseline

Question 8

Mechanoreceptor

Answer 8

Peripheral receptor that responds to movement, distortion, or mechanical pressure.

Question 9

Ventillatory Threshold

Answer 9

The exercise intensity at which pulmonary ventilation increases disproportionately with oxygen uptake during graded exercise testing.

Question 10

Chemoreceptor

Answer 10

Any cell that responds to a change in chemical millieu with a nerve impulse

Question 11

Hemoglobin

Answer 11

Iron-containing respiratory protein of red blood cells which transports oxygen from lungs to tissues.

Question 12

Carbonic Acid

Answer 12

Acid which is formed from CO2 and H2O (H2CO3)

Question 13

Bicarbonate

Answer 13

The ionized form of carbonic acid which carries the major portion of CO2 (HCO3-)

Question 14

Myoglobin

Answer 14

Iron-containing protein compound in skeletal and cardiac muscle that combines reversibly with oxygen.

Question 15

Anatomical Dead Space

Answer 15

The air that fills the nose, mouth, trachea, and other portions of the respiratory tract that don’t engage in gas exchange with blood.

Question 16

Physiologic Dead Space

Answer 16

The portion of the alveolar volume with poor tissue regional perfusion or inadequate ventilation.

Question 17

Afterload

Answer 17

pressure required to open the aortic semilunar valve

Question 18

Angina pectoris

Answer 18

Acute chest pain, occurs from an imbalance between the oxygen demands of the heart and it’s oxygen supply.

Question 19

Bradycardia

Answer 19

Vagus nerve stimulates the heart via the parasympathetic nervous system hormones acetylcholine which decreases heart rate.

Question 20

Catecholamines

Answer 20

These hormones increase myocardial contractility and accelerate SA Node depolarization.

Question 21

Preload

Answer 21

Increased diastolic filling before systole occurs through any factor that increases venous return.

Question 22

Tachycardia

Answer 22

Catecholamine neural hormones increase myocardial contractility and accelerate SA node depolarization to increase heart rate.

Question 23

Rate pressure product

Answer 23

An index of relative cardiac work. Reflects directly measured myocardial oxygen uptake and coronary blood flow in healthy subjects over a range of exercise intensities.

Question 24

Concentric Hypertrophy

Answer 24

Increased size of the left ventricular cavity specifically the thickening of it’s walls from long-term aerobic training.

Question 25

Eccentric Hypertrophy

Answer 25

Increasing the size of the left ventricular cavity due to long-term aerobic training.

Question 26

Heart rate reserve

Answer 26

Calculation of the lower and upper threshold HR levels at a percentage of the difference between resting and maximum HR