benzene

Question 1

what is benzene

Answer 1

an aromatic compound

Question 2

how is the central ring of benzene formed

Answer 2

the outer electron from the P orbital of each carbon is delocalised to form the benzene ring

Question 3

what is a benefit of the benzene ring

Answer 3

makes benzene very stable

Question 4

benzene vs kekule

Answer 4

when benzene was first discovered its structure was unknown. it was predicted from empirical measurements to have a structure similar to cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene with three double bonds and three single. Therefore the enthalpy change for benzene was predicted to be -360Kjmol-1 (3X the enthalpy change of cyclohexene). However it was later discovered that the enthalpy change of benzene was -208Kjmol-1which proves Kekules structure to be incorrect.

Question 5

what is the mechanism for reaction of nitrobenzene

Answer 5

electrophilic addition

Question 6

draw the mechanism for nitrobenzene

Answer 6

answer on paper

Question 7

what is a Friedel-crafts acylation

Answer 7

where the delocalised electron ring in benzene can also act as a nucleophile leading to the attack on acylchlorides

Question 8

draw the mechanism between benzene and AlCl3

Answer 8

answer on paper