Benign and Malignant Breast Disease Flashcards
Describe the breast screening program and what is done is there is a positive screen
Targets 50 - 74y.o. women.
Mammogram every two years.
Positive screen - triple test: Clinical, radiological and pathological exam
What abnormalities can be found on a breast mammogram?
- Densities/masses
- Distortions
- Calcification
What abnormalities can be found on an ultrasound of the beast?
What is the advantage/disadvantage vs mammogram?
- Cysts
- Masses
Not good at detecting calcifications or distortions
Symptomatic presentation of benign breast disease?
- Mass/lump
- Pain
- NIpple changes/discharges
- Skin changes
How does risk of breast malignancy vary according to age?
6% <40
70% >50
Three nipple symptoms:
- Galactorrhoea (increased fluid production)
- Discharge (serous/bloody)
- Crusting/itching
4 types of inflammatory breast disease:
- Acute mastitis
- Sub-areola abscess
- Mammary duct ectasia
- Fat necrosis
What is SMOLD?
Squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts (SMOLD) caused by obstruction/dilation.
What risk factor is sub-areolar abscesses (SMOLD) associated with?
Smoking - 90% of cases are smokers
List the 3 inflammatory breast disease that present with hot, red, swollen mass?
Acute mastitis
Sub-areolar abscess
Mammary duct ectasia
What is the name given to non-neoplastic change in breast epithelium?
Non-proliferative fibrocystic change
How are proliferative benign breast diseases classed?
As epithelial, stromal, or mixed elements of both.
What are the two types of epithalil proliferation benign breast disease?
How are they classed?
Epithelial hyperplasia
Columnar cell change
Both are classed based on atypia.
What is the stroma-only proliferative breast disease?
PASH - Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia.
What are the 4 types of proliferative breast disease that involve both epithelia and stroma?
- Sclerosing adenosis
- Complex sclerosing lesion
- Papilloma
- Fibroadenoma
