Benchmark/Exam 3

Question 1

Linked Genes

Answer 1

Linked genes are genes that are found near each other on the same chromosome and inherited together

Question 2

How gene maps are made

Answer 2

Use the percentage of the recombinants in the f2 generation to estimate how far apart the genes are on the chromosome. The farther apart 2 genes are the more likely crossing over will occur between them and separate them. The percent of your offspring that are recombinant.

Question 3

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 3

two chromosomes, one of paternal origin, the other of maternal origin, that are identical in appearance and pair then segregate during meiosis

Question 4

Autosomes

Answer 4

An autosome is any chromosome that is not a sex-determining chromosome, so most chromosomes are autosomes.

Question 5

Sex chromosome

Answer 5

a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism

Question 6

Nondisjunction

Answer 6

homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei.

Question 7

X Chromosome

Answer 7

(in humans and other mammals) a sex chromosome, two of which are normally present in female cells (designated XX) and only one in male cells (designated XY).

Question 8

Duplication

Answer 8

a DNA segment in a chromosome that is a copy of another segment

Question 9

Deletion

Answer 9

the loss or absence of a section from a nucleic acid molecule or chromosome.

Question 10

Inversion

Answer 10

A chromosomal rearrangement in which a segment of genetic material is broken away from the chromosome, inverted from end to end, and re-inserted into the chromosome at the same breakage site.

Question 11

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 11

by Gregor Mendel, when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort (separate) independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.