Benchmark 3 Review 3 Flashcards
Naturalized US Citizen
___Apply for permanent residency visa______________________________
__Apply for citizenship___________________________________________
__Get fingerprinted______________________________________________
__Be interviewed and pass tests on civics, U.S. History and English_______
__Take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States_____________________
What is the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986?
Legalized undocumented residents who met certain requirements in an attempt to reduce the flow of illegal immigration.
Why did many new colonists settle in America?
Vast natural resources and plenty of room
80% of people today live where?
Metropolitan areas (mainly coastal)
Since the 1950’s a majority of people have moved from the Northeast to where?
Warmer southern states; the Sunbelt
What are the freedoms that all Americans have?
Speech, Press and Religion
What type of democracy is it when all the people in a community meet and decide on all the laws and what actions to take?
Direct Democracy
What type of democracy is the when people elect representatives to make laws and decisions for them?
Representative Democracy
The Declaration of Independence was written by whom?
Thomas Jefferson
What were the responsibilities of the Constitutional Convention delegates?
To establish a new stronger national government.
What type of government divides the power between the states and federal government?
Federalism
What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?
Articles written by the Federalists to increase support for the Constitution.
The agreement to create two house of Congress – one based on Population and one with equal representation is called the ?
Compromise
person who favored the Constitution and a strong federal government was called a?
Federalist
A person who opposed the Constitution and a strong federal government was call a ?
Anti Federalist
How many states had to approve the Constitution for it to be ratified?
9 of the 13 states
What year was the Constitution ratified?
The year 1788
Besides a representative democracy what is another name for the type of government the US is?
Republic
What are the goals of the Constitution as listed in the Preamble?
Form a more perfect union, Establish Justice, Insure domestic tranquility, Provide for the common defense, Promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty
What are the principles that help create a government based on popular sovereignty
Limited Government, Majority with Minority Rights and Powers of the People
What are powers that are set aside for the states, or the people called?
Reserved Powers
What are examples of powers that state governments have?
Conduct Elections, Regulate Trade within the state, and establish local Governments
What is it called when each branch of government is given powers to check (or limit) the powers of the other branches of government
Checks and Balances
What makes the Constitution so durable (enduring)? Amendments
Amendments
Who can propose an amendment to the Constitution?
congress or state legislatures of two –thirds of the states (34/50)
Who has to ratify an amendment
State Legislatures or State Conventions
Who can override a Presidential veto and by how many votes?
Congress by two-thirds majority
What happens if a state law disagrees with a federal law?
The State law is invalid; federal government shall be “the supreme law of the land”
What rights are in the 1st amendment?
speech, religion, press, assembly, petition
What rights are in the 4th amendment
unreasonable search and seizures
What rights are in the 5th amendment
Self-incrimination, double jeopardy, grand jury must indict, eminent domain, Due Process
What are the rights in the 6th amendment
Speedy Trial, must be informed of charges against them, right to hear and question all witnesses against them, their own witnesses to testify for them, right to a lawyer, or one provided for them.
What are the rights in the 8th amendment?
Cruel and unusual punishment; non excessive bail
What right is in the 14th amendment?
rights to African Americans; life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
How many amendments are there in the Constitution?
27 amendments
What principle is that a person cannot be punished for a crime until the law has been fairly applied to his or her case?
Due Process of Law
What amendments are known as the rights of the accused
Amendments four through eight
Why did the Framers create a bicameral congress?
To ensure that both small and large states would be fairly represented.
What are the qualifications to be in the US House of Representatives?
be at least 25 years old, have been a citizen of the United States for at least seven years, be a legal resident of the state you represent.
What are the qualifications to be a US Senator?
Be at least 30 years old, have been a citizen of the United States for at least nine years, and be a legal resident of the state you represent.
How many senators does each state have?
2
Who runs the day to day proceedings of the Senate?
President pro Tempore
Who proceeds over the House of Representatives when it is in session?
Speaker of the house
What clause allows Congress to take action that help carry out their delegated powers?
Implied Powers
Who can impeached?
Federal officials charged with serious crimes
Where do party leaders of each House choose their own leaders?
Caucuses
What is a permanent congressional committee that meets regularly called?
Standing Committee
How does a bill become a law?
Begins as an IDEA, Submitted to Congress (either the House or Senate, unless an appropriations bill) the bill is read and sent to committee for hearings and revisions, a vote is taken and if passed sent to the other side of congress for the process to be repeated. If approved by all of congress the bill is sent to the president for a signature into law or a veto.
How does a bill become a law without the president’s signature?
The president may choose to keep the bill for ten days without signing or vetoing it. If congress is in session the bill becomes a law without his signature.
What are the qualifications of the President
U.S. citizen, be at least 35 years of age and, have been a resident of the United States for at least 14 years.
Where are the qualifications of the President identified?
The constitution
Who is the only president to serve more than 2 terms as president?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
What are the roles of the president?
Legislative Leader, Commander in Chief, Foreign Policy leader
Where does the President suggest new laws to Congress?
State of the Union Address
Who can declare war
Congress
Who appoints members to the President’s cabinet?
President; Senate
What departments does the executive branch have?
Department of Agriculture, Defense, Homeland Security, Interior, Labor, Transportation, Veterans Affairs, Commerce, Education, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Justice, State, Treasury, (President may create a new cabinet seats at any time.
How many departments are in the executive branch?
15
Which department is in charge of foreign policy?
Department of State
Which department is in charge of the nation’s military?
Department of Defense
Who creates executive departments?
The President
What is a group of people with similar views on public issues that work together to put their ideas into effect
Political Party
What is the job of political parties
Nominate or select candidates to run for political office
In what type of party system is a single party in control of the government?
One- party system
What are the requirements to vote?
must be at least 18, give their name, address, date of birth
What type of election is used to decide which party candidate will run in the final election
Primary Election
Which type of election is used for the voters to select a leader from the candidates offered by all the political parties?
General Election
Where do people go to vote?
Polling Places
When a person votes for all of the candidates from one political party that is called?
Straight Ticket
The number of electors each state has is based on what?
The total number of senators and representatives that it has in congress.
What is a statement of a parties views on policies and important issues?
Platform
Vice Presidential candidates are chosen for their ability to do what?
Their ability to win votes
Who is nominated at a political convention?
Presidential Candidates
How do you become a well-informed citizen?
Think critically about what you see, hear and read. Be able to recognize the difference between fact and opinion and be able to gather information from reliable resources.
What are the propaganda techniques?
Testimonial, Bandwagon, Name Calling, Glittering Generalities, Plain-Folks appeal, Card Stacking
What are 4 ways citizens participate in government?
Speaking out on public issues, participating in a community action group, working on a political campaign, voting
Why do people not vote?
pathy or lack of interest, not registering to vote, not liking any of the candidates running for office, not able to reach the polls on election day, not in the same location as their polling place (out of town)
What are PAC’s
Political Action committees Collect voluntary contributions from members to help fund the candidate’s campaign
What groups promote the interests of the general public rather than just one part of it?
Public Interest Groups
What is the group called that formally selects the President and Vice-President?
Electoral College
