Beliefs In Society - Globalisation & The Spread Of Religions Flashcards
What is globalisation?
The growing interconnectedness of the world
What has been the result of globalisation (particularly caused by the media)
Cheaper & faster travel
Mass tourism
Migration
Spread of religious ideas
Who suggested that the increase in globalisation has led to growing religious diversity & that religion is being deterritorialised?
Meyer et al
What is deterritorialisation, in the context of religion?
The process by which the worlds religions are being less ties to specific geographic locations
Who suggested that globalisation & deterritoralisation has had a significant impact on islam & what is that impact?
Singleton -> it has become a transnational religion
There is a growing emphasis on an ummah (supra-natural worldwide community of faith)
What is an example of the ummah, pointed out by singleton?
The publification of the prophet Muhammad (2005) -> caused worldwide outrage
What has the spread of religions meant?
Religions are now intertwined with local culture -> greater cultural diversity (example more Hindus & Muslims has led to more public religious observations for Diwali & Ramadan
What are two consequences of globalisation?
Culture wars & the rise in fundamentalism
What did Huntington say about culture wars as a consequence of globalisation?
Religion & religious identity is important aspect of diff civilisations (has differences between them)
There can be conflict as religions come more into contact with each other
What is an example of a clash between cultures due to globalisation?
The growth of islam clashing with Christianity in the west -> seen during 9/11 attacks in the US
What does Huntington not consider when talking about culture wars?
Doesn’t consider the possibility of clashes between civilisations (Protestants vs catholics)
Who suggested that globalisation has spurred conflict between religions?
Kurtz -> conflicts between ethnicities, classes etc are found in religious terms & religion has displaced race as sources of popular anxiety
AO3: why might religion not be easily to detach with race & prejudice
If a religion is held by a particular ethnic group, hatred towards a particular religion e.g. Islamophobia may be concealing racism
Who suggested that globalisation has contributed to declining levels of religious freedom across the world & what do they say?
Bloom et al -> more countries are interfering with religious practices (arises from desire of religious/cultural groups to protect themselves from percieved threats to their traditions -> leads to restrictions of religious activities of minority groups)
Give an example of a restriction on the religious activities on a minority group?
Burqa ban in several European countries
How can the rise in religious fundamentalism be attributed to globalisation?
Globalisation can threaten the traditional ways of life -> can lead in fundamentalism (caused by cultural defence -> Bruce)
For example changes to family can lead to re-emergence & strengthening of trad religious & fundamentalist ideas
What does Singleton say about the rise in Islamic fundamentalism?
Brought about through rise to resistance of western influence penetrating islam
What does Nanda say about religion as an assertion of national identity?
Religion is a source of national pride in India -> contributed to India’s growing success in the world economy
What do postmodernists say about the global spiritual market?
Beliefs are a personal matter, and people form their identities & beliefs through consumer culture
In contemporary, globalised, media saturated world -> spiritual market is now a global super market where people can choose their beliefs from every part of the world
