Behaviourist Approach^

Question 1

Info

Answer 1

blank slate
learned by consequences and envi
maintain control and objectivity with lab studies

Question 2

Classical Conditioning

Answer 2

beh learned by association and our respond to it

Question 3

Pavlov’s dog

Answer 3

salivating before food turns to salivating on bell ring
unconditioned stimulus (food) = unconditioned response (salivating)
neutral stimulus (bell) = no response
UNS + NS = UNR
conditioned stimulus (bell & food) = conditioned response

Question 4

Operant Conditioning

Answer 4

associating a consequence
pos punishment = giving bad
neg punishment = taking good
pos reinforcement = giving good
neg reinforcement = taking neg

Question 5

Skinner’s Box

Answer 5

investigated how the type of reinforcement/punishment given and the rate of it affected the rate of learning
rat in box with a lever, when pressed released food
the more times its pressed would indicate the strength of conditioning beh

Question 6

Well controlled research

Answer 6

isolate variables
measure observable beh within controlled lab settings
breaking down beh into basic stimulus-response units
allow cause and effect to be established
Skinner can demonstrate how reinforcement influences animal’s beh
research have scientific credibility

Question 7

Real World Application

Answer 7

token economy system in prison
pos reinforcement (privileges) on good beh (repeated)
increase value

Question 8

Environmental Determinism

Answer 8

Skinner
- sees beh. app. as a product of past conditioning experiences
ignores other explanations like free will

Question 9

Ethical Issues

Answer 9

has to enter and leave in same state
Skinner
- kept the rats hungry and in harsh conditions
- motivation to pull the lever