Behavioural theories of anxiety and depression L8 Flashcards
CBT=
cognitive behavioural therapy
what does CBT aim to reduce/ stop
- Avoiding fear provoking situations
- Saftey behaviours
- Gp checking
SSRI for anxiety
citalopram
benzodiazepine anxiety
Diazepam
what part of the brain is involved in learning and experiencing fear
Amygdala
associative learning=
learning certain events go together
vicarious learning
learning by direct observation (modelling)
Factual transmission=
being told
complex learning
e.g social, emotional intelligence
two main type of associative learning
Classical and operant conditioning
what is classical conditioning
learning process where previously neutral stimulus become associated with another stimulus, by repeated pairing
e.g of Classical conditioning
Pavlovs dog
origin of phobias=
classical conditioning
e.g of neoclassical
Taste aversion (food poisoning)
operant conditioning defintion
The alteration of behaviour by reward or punishment (response predicts event)
4 types of operant conditioning
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Both negative and positive punishment
increased the behaviour
both punishment and extinction
decreased the behaviour
in which operant conditionings is the stimulus given
positive reinforcement
punishment
in which operant conditioning is the stimulus withheld
negative reinforcement
extinction
what is law of effect
successful behaviour will be repeated
what must reinforces be
immediate/ linked with act
2 types of positive reinforcement
Continous reinforcement
Partial reinforcement
what is more successful positive reinforcement
partial
2 ways to encourage complex behaviour
shaping
chaining
what is shaping
rewarding behaviours which increasingly approximate to desired more complex behaviour
chaining=
breaking down complex behaviour into a series of simple acts each reinforces the next
what is a phobia
a marked persistent fear
agoraphobia=
public places
social phobia
speaking, performing
specific phobia
animals, heights, needles
what maintains a phobia
negative reinforcement (via avoidance behaviour)
phobia treatment=
graded exposure
SMART targets
SMART=
specific measurable achievable realistic Timed
punishment=
presentation of an unpleasant stimulus after an undesired behaviour occurs
negative reinforcement
removal of an adverse stimulus after a desired behaviour occurs
extinction=
a decrease in behaviour by withholding a previous reward
cognitive=
challenge unhelpful and extreme ways of thinking
behavioural=
behavioural activations, including activity scheduling+ goal setting
Therapy=
a talking treatment
4 uses of an activity diary
baseline measure
Regain sense of control
rate pleasure and achievements
sets goals
