behaviour drugs

Question 1

clomipramine

Answer 1

type: tricyclic antidepressant
mechanism: inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
adverse effects: mild sedation, urine retention, dry mouth + constipation (anticholinergic), hypotension+arrythmias (adrenergic) +-VD
used for dogs/cats with anxiety disorders, and compulsive behaviors

Question 2

fluoxetine

Answer 2

type: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
used for anxiety, phobias, and good for urine spraying in cats
side effects: mild sedation, GI irritation, excessive vocalization, seizures (increased serotonin)

Question 3

trazodone

Answer 3

type: serotonin antagonist/reuptake inhibitor (SARI)
mechanisms: low dose = antagonize post-synaptic 5HT2, H1 and alpha 1 receptors
high dose = agonist effects at 5HT1 receptors, GABA receptors?
good oral bioavailability

Question 4

diazepam

Answer 4

type: anxiolytic, benzodiazepine
mechanism: binds to GABA receptors and stabilizes membranes
side effects: sedation, ataxia, increased appetite, increased friendliness, interfere with memory and learning
oral and injectable best given slow IV

Question 5

acepromazine

Answer 5

type: dopamine alpha 2 antagonist
effect: sedation
side effects: hypotension, extrapyramidal signs, muscle rigidity, penile prolapse (horse), ataxia, CYP mediated drug interactions
oral and injectable