Behaviour

Question 1

Four assumptions

Answer 1

Behaviour is learnt through experience, humans are born as a blank slate, only observable behaviour is scientific and valid to study animals as they share the same principles of learning as humans

Question 2

Pavlovs dogs

Little Albert

Answer 2

UCS - food 
UCR - salivation 
NS - bell 
CS - bell 
CR - food 
Salivation is an innate response as it’s not learnt 

UCS - sound 
UCR - fear 
NS - white rat 
CS - rat 
CR - fear

Question 3

The Skinner Box

Answer 3

Positive reinforcement- giving something rewarding

Negative reinforcement- removing something unpleasant for a reward

Question 4

Strengths

Answer 4

• scientific as it uses objective experimental methodology. Increases the validity
• operant conditioning is used in terms of positive reinforcement in schools eg giving stickers for good behaviour

Question 5

Limitations

Answer 5

• artificial experiments therefore low ecological validity
• individuals viewed as passive learners highlights humans have no free will or control over actions
• studies conducted on animals aren’t liked by many as humans have qualitative differences between humans and other animals