Behavioral Sciences Specific Review Flashcards
Maslow hierarchy of needs
Prioritizes needs into five categories Physiological Safety and security Love and belonging Self esteem Self actualization
Self esteem
Our evaluation of ourselves
Material culture
Physical items one associates with a given group
Group think
Tendency to make decisions based on ideas and solutions that arise within the group without considering outside ideas
Prejudice
An irrationally based attitude prior to actual experience
Symbolic culture
The ideas associated with a cultural group
Self fulfilling prophecy
The phenomenon of a stereotype creating an expectation of a particular group which creates conditions that lead to confirmation of this stereotype
Locus of control
A self evaluation that refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives
Peer pressure
Social influence placed on an individual by other individuals they consider equal
Humanistic perspective
Emphasizes internal feelings of healthy individuals as they strive toward happiness and self realization
Social constructionism
Explores how individuals and groups makes decisions to agree upon a given social reality
Bottom up processing
Data driven
Recognition of objects by parallel processing and feature detection.
Slower, less prone to mistakes
Social facilitation
Tendency to perform at a different level when others are around
Group polarization
Tendency towards making decisions in a group that are more extreme than the thoughts of the individual group members
Symbolic interactionism
The study of how individuals interact through a shared understanding of words, gestures, and other symbols
Stereotypes
Attitudes and impressions that are made based on limited and superficial info
Deindividualization
Loss of self awareness in large groups, can lead to drastic changes in behavior
Bystander effect
In a group, individuals are less likely to respond to a person in need
Conflict theory
Focuses on how power differentials are created and how they maintain order
Gestalt principles
Ways the brain can infer missing parts of an image when it is incomplete
Stereotype threat
A feeling of anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype
Self efficacy
The degree to which we see ourselves as being capable of a given skill in a given situation
Functionalism
Focuses on the function and relationships of each component of society
Psychoanalytic perspective
Personality results from unconscious urges and desires
Self concept
The ways in which we describe ourselves
Past, present, and future
Drive reduction theory
Individuals act to relieve internal states of tension
Top down processing
Conceptually driven
Recognition of an object by memories and expectations
Faster, more prone to mistakes
