Behavioral Science Flashcards
Piaget Cognitive Stages:
development from stage to stage relies on maturation of the nervous system and life experiences
Sensorimotor (0-2 y) ->object permanence
Pre-operational Thought (2-5 y) -> immanent justice
Concrete Operations (5-11 y)
Formal Operations (11-18 y)
Freud’s Phases of Psychosexual Development:
The developmental stages progress as the child focuses of libidinal energy changes to different erotic areas
Oral (0-1 y) Anal (1-3 y) Phallic (3-5 y) Latency (5-11 y) Genital (11-18 y)
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages:
The person is able to achieve a new and higher level of functioning if each stage is successfully resolved.
BasicTrust vs Mistrust (0-1 y) Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (1-3 y) Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 y) Industry vs Inferiority (5-11 y) Ego Identity vs Role Diffusion (11-20 y) Intimacy vs. Isolation (21-40 y) Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-60 y) Ego Identity vs. Despair (60 to death)
age when separation anxiety disorder may occur
after age 3 (failure of sensorimotor object permanence - Piaget)
Note: stranger anxiety begins around 7 months
age when begins to form internal moral sense of right and wrong
begins to understand the finality of death
age 6
infertility
inability of a couple to conceive after 1 year of coitus without use of a contraceptive
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Alcohol reduces number of active dopamine neurons in the brain; ADHD is associated with decreased dopaminergic activity in the brain
other characteristics:
growth retardation, microphthalmia, short palpebral fissures, midface hypoplasia, delayed development, learning disabilities, intellectual deficits, seizures
Teratogens
antibiotics, anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenytoin), lithium, warfarin, progesterone-estrogens
exposure to SSRIs in last month of pregnancy causes
seizures
startle reflex present at birth and disappears by 4 months
Moro reflex
age when infant smiles in response to human face
2-3 months
age when infant rolls over
5 months
age when infant sits unassisted
6 months
age when infant crawls and pulls up to stand
7-11 months
age when infant walks unassisted
12-15 months
methods of abortion
suction curettage (1st trim)
dilation & extraction (2nd trim)
Induction of labor (2nd trim)
Mifepristone (up to 9 weeks)
symptoms of postpartum depression
depressed mood longer than 2 weeks
excessive anxiety
insomnia
change in weight
unconscious and the root of impulse, pleasure-based
drives libido
Id
the executive organ of the psyche
controls behaviors and thoughts
ego
regulates the ego and is unconscious
formed from the internalization of society standards, moral conscience
superego
BasicTrust vs Mistrust (0-1 y) stressor causes
dysthymia, schizophrenia, depression
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (1-3 y) stressor causes
OCD, delusional or impulsive disorders
Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 y) stressor causes
showing off, psychosomatic disease, generalized anxiety disorders and phobias, sexual inhibition
Industry vs Inferiority (5-11 y) stressor causes
compensatory drive for money, power, prestige