Behavioral Flashcards
1
Q
Premature birth is less than (37/32) weeks
A
premature: 37
very premature: 32
2
Q
What does APGAR stand for?
A
Appearance Pulse Grimace (reflex) Activity Respiration
3
Q
Social smile begins at (12 weeks/ 9 months/ first year)
A
12 weeks
4
Q
Stranger anxiety begins at (12 weeks/ 9 months/ first year)
A
9 months
5
Q
Separation anxiety begin at (12 weeks/ 9 months/ first year)
A
within the first year
6
Q
Babies begin to walk alone in the interval of (5-11 months/ 9-17 months)
A
9-17 months walking
5-11 standing
7
Q
Limbs extending when an infant is startled is called the ______ reflex
A
Moro
8
Q
Kids say “No!” at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5)
A
age 2
9
Q
Kids have bowel and bladder function at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5)
A
4 or 5
10
Q
Kids have a gender identity at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5/ 6)
A
3
11
Q
Kids do parallel play at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5/ 6)
A
3
12
Q
Kids do cooperative play at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5/ 6)
A
4
13
Q
Kids have a sense of morality and empathy at age (2 /3/ 4/ 5/ 6)
A
6
14
Q
In which order do these play behaviors occure (cooperative/ associative/ parallel)
A
- parallel 2. associative 3. cooperative
15
Q
which mental health disorder consumes 90% of public health funding for psychological issues?
A
schizophrenia
16
Q
Impairment of reality testing, loss of contact with reality
psychosis/ hallucination/ delusion/ Illusion/ ideas of reference
A
psychosis
17
Q
Sensory perception not generated by an external stimulus is
psychosis/ hallucination/ delusion/ Illusion/ ideas of reference
A
hallucination
18
Q
Abnormalities in thought content, false beliefs not correctable by logic or reason is
(psychosis/ hallucination/ delusion/ Illusion/ ideas of reference)
A
delusion
19
Q
Misperception of a real external stimulus is
psychosis/ hallucination/ delusion/ Illusion/ ideas of reference
A
illusion
20
Q
False conviction that you are the subject of attention by other people e.g. crowds, TV, radio, conversations (psychosis/ hallucination/ delusion/ Illusion/ ideas of reference)
A
ideas of reference
21
Q
Lack of informative content in speech is called
Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality
A
Alogia
22
Q
Repeating statements of others and associating words by their sounds is
(Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality)
A
Echolalia
23
Q
Presenting unnecessary and voluminous details before answering a question is
(Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality/ delirium)
A
circumstantiality
24
Q
inventing new words is
Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality/ delirium
A
neologism
25
Abrupt halt in the train of thinking, often due to hallucinations is
(Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality/ delirium)
thought blocking
26
Beginning in a logical fashion but getting further and further from the point, failing to answer the question
(Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality/ delirium)
tangentiality
27
How many months of signs of schizophrenia must persist before a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia can be given?
6 months
28
What is the triad of Psychosis?
1. hallucination, alteration in sensory perception
2. delusion, abnormal thought content
3. thought disorder, abnormal processing/organization
29
A disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusion and incoherence of thought induced by fever, intoxication or another disorder is
(Alogia/ Echolalia/ Thought blocking/ Neologism/ Circumstantiality/ tangentiality/ delirium)
delirium
30
Stupor or extreme agitation, incoherent speech, blank facial expression and bizarre posturing are characteristics of being (paranoid/ catatonic/ dissorganized)
catatonic
31
In schizophrenia, the (prefrontal cortex/ mesolimbic tract) is hyperactive
mesolimbic tract
| amygdala, scary faces
32
In schizophrenia, the (prefrontal cortex/ mesolimbic tract) is hypoactive
prefrontal cortex
33
In schizophrenia the mesolimbic tract is overstimulated by (norepinephrin/ serotonin/ dopamine)
dopamine
34
Patients with schizophrenia will have elevated levels of the dopamine metabolite _______ _____ as a result of excess dopamine metabolism
homovanillic acid
35
LSD can cause hallucination by increasing _______ levels in the brain
serotonin, 5HT
36
To reduce Schizophrenia you would like to block D2 receptors in the (mesolimbic/ mesocortical) pathway
mesolimbic
37
For ADHD, is a norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitor
| clonidine/ guanfacine/ atomoxetine
atomoxetine
38
For ADHD, agonize or stimulate the alpha-2 Norepinephrine receptor
(clonidine/ guanfacine/ atomoxetine)
clonidine and guanfacine
39
What does SIGECAPS stand for?
```
sleep dissorder
interest/pleasure reduction
guilt, worthless feeling
energy loss
concentration impairment
appetitechange
psychomotor change
suicidal ideation
```
40
Diurnal depression is worse in the (AM/PM)
worse in AM
| better in afternoon w/ sun
41
In depression the amygdala is (hyperactive/hypoactive)
hyperactive
42
These two sedating anti-depressants block the 5HT2 receptors which is counter intuitive
1. Trazodone
| 2. Mirtazapine
43
A lack of 'joint attention' in a child may indicate _______
autism
44
A restricted repertoire of interest and repetitive behaviors such as rewinding and re-watching TV can indicate ________
autism
45
Prevalence of autism is greater in (boys/girls)
boys, 4 times higher
46
Intellectual disability is an IQ below ____ AND ______
IQ below 70, AND deficits in behavior
47
blood plasma analysis of a 45 y.o. male has elevated homovanillic acid. he likely has (bulemia/ parkinson's/ depression/ schizophrenia)
schizophrenia
48
An anxious patient sits in the ED. At this time, the GABA activity in the brain is likely (increased/ decreased/ unchanged)
decreased
49
The major neurotransmitter implicated in alzheimers is (5HT/ NE/ DA/ ACh)
ACh
50
A mother brings her 4mo old child into your pediatric office. what should you expect f the child? (stranger anxiety/ social smile/ gender identity)
social smile
51
sitting unassisted, how many months old? (0-3/ 5-6/ 7-10/ 11-15)
5-6 months
52
shows rooting reflex how many months old? (0-3/ 5-6/ 7-10/ 11-15)
0-3 months
53
craws on hands and knees how many months old? (0-3/ 5-6/ 7-10/ 11-15)
7-10 months
54
______ uses minute doses of a substance that causes symptoms to stimulate the body's self-healing response.
homeopathy
55
_______ uses non-invasive treatments to help your body do its own healing, uses massage, acupuncture, herbals, exercise and life counseling
naturopathy
56
If the _______ gene is defective, you cannot convert folate into L-methylfolate, which is needed to make neurotransmitters in the brain
MTHFR
57
List 5 key genes of the many genes associated with schizophrenia
1. COMT =Catechol-O-methyltransferase
2. BDNF = brain derived neurotrophic
3. TH = tyrosine hydroxylase
4. D2 = DRD2
5. D3 = DRD3
58
List 2 key genes of the many genes associated with ADHD
1. DRD4 = D4
| 2. DRD5 = D5
59
MDD has fMRI signals hot in the (award + addiction center/ frontal cortex)
frontal cortex
60
AHDH has fMRI signals hot in the (award + addiction center/ frontal cortex)
award and addiction center
61
List 3 key genes of the many genes associated with MDD
1. DAT = dopamine transporter
2. DRD4 = D4
3. COMT
62
5HT is made in the ______ ______ of the brain
Raphe nucleus
63
the somatic pain associated with deprression may be due to low levels of (DA/ NE/ 5HT) in the brain
NE
64
Hyperfunction of the limbic pathway causes (panic/ worry/ ADHD/ depression)
panic and worry
65
Hypofunction in the frontocortico pathways causes (panic/ worry/ ADHD/ depression)
ADHD, depression
66
The increased negative effects in MDD such as more guilt, more anxiety, more loneliness is more attributed to low (5HT/ DA)
5HT
67
The decrease in positive effects in MDD such as less happiness, less alertness, less confidence is more attributed to low (5HT/ DA)
DA
68
Women are more likely to have excess COMT function and low neurotransmitters due to ________
random X-inactivation, COMT on X chrom.
69
Low neurotransmitter degradation -> increased NE in limbic areas -> anxiety (COMT Met/ COMT Val)
COMT Met
70
High neurotransmitter degradation -> low NE in cortex -> depression (COMT Met/ COMT Val)
COMT Val
71
PD: Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal are part of cluster (A/ B/ C)
Cluster A
72
PD: Antisocial, Histrionic, Narcissistic are part of cluster (A/ B/ C)
Cluster B
73
PD: Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive compulsive are part of cluster (A/ B/ C)
Cluster C
74
PD: which cluster is psychotic-like but not psychotic? (A/ B/ C)
Cluster A
75
Detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotions (Paranoid/ Schizoid/ Schizotypal)
Schizoid
76
Pattern of interpersonal deficits with perceptional distortions such as ideas about ESP or aliens (Paranoid/ Schizoid/ Schizotypal)
Schizotypal
77
Which cluster of PD are most psychotic? (A/ B/ C)
cluster A
78
Which cluster of PD are behavioral disorders? (A/ B/ C)
cluster B
79
Which is a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, sexual seduction and self-dramatization (Antisocial/ Histrionic/ Narcissistic/ Borderline)
Histrionic
80
Which is a disregard for and a violation of the rights of others, associated with conduct disorder? (Antisocial/ Histrionic/ Narcissistic/ Borderline)
Antisocial
81
Which is a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy and sense of entitlement (Antisocial/ Histrionic/ Narcissistic/ Borderline)
Narcissistic
82
In whatever manner he acts, he feels justified (Antisocial/ Histrionic/ Narcissistic/ Borderline)
Narcissistic
83
Which PD cluster is associated with being anxious but is not an anxiety disorder? (A/ B/ C)
cluster C
84
Which has a pervasive pattern of instability, with an unstable self image, impulsivity and mood lability (Antisocial/ Histrionic/ Narcissistic/ Borderline)
Borderline
85
Which is associated with perfectionism, preoccupation with details, rules, lists and schedules
(Avoidant/ Obsessive-compulsive/ Dependent)
Obsessive-compulsive
86
Which has a hypersensitivity to to criticism and rejection and is socially inhibited due to feeling inadequate?
(Avoidant/ Obsessive-compulsive/ Dependent)
Avoidant
87
Excessive need to be taken care of beginning in early adulthood, submissive and clingy
(Avoidant/ Obsessive-compulsive/ Dependent)
Dependent
88
Personality disorders with impulsion and aggression have been associated with low maternal (DA/ 5-HT/ NE/ Vit D)
5-HT, specifically the 5-HIAA metabolite
89
Which PD cluster might be treated with mood stabilizers? (A/ B/ C)
cluster B,
| Antisocial, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Boarderline
90
What are the 3 personality disorders that are a part of cluster A?
1. Paranoid
2. Schizoid
3. Schizotypal
91
What are the 4 personality disorders that are a part of cluster B?
1. Antisocial
2. Histrionic
3. Narcissistic
4. Boarderline
92
What are the 3 personality disorders that are a part of cluster C?
1. Avoidant
2. Dependent
3. Obsessive compulsive
93
To be diagnosed with mania, you must have at lease __# symptoms for __# days
3 symptoms for 7 days
94
What does DTRHIGH stand for in diagnosing mania?
```
Distractible
Talkative
Racing thought
Hyperactive
Impulsive
Grandiose
Hyposomnic
```
95
Hypomania can be diagnosed after only __# days
4
96
In psychology, an extremely happy mood is _________ a normal positive mood is ________ and a depressed mood is ______
Hyperthymia: Extremely happy
Euthymia: Normal
Dysthymia: Depressed
97
You only need to see the manic phase to diagnose bipolar type (I/II)
type I
98
Which has more depression and hypomanic phases: bipolar type (I/II)
type II
99
drug for bi-polar: provides membrane stability and promotes neuronal health
Lithium
100
mood swings, with periods of hypomanic symptoms alternating with periods of mild symptoms of depression is called ________
cyclothymic
101
Anti-manic agent that increases GABA tone, also anti-epileptic
Valproate= valproic acid
102
What are the 4 types of Anxiety Disorders?
1. GAD generalized
2. SAD social
3. OCD
4. PTSD
103
For adults, a diagnosis of General Anxiety Disorder, GAD requires symptoms for greater than _____ in more than ___ setting
greater than 6 months
| more than 1 event/activity
104
Anxiety more frequently affects (women/men)
women
105
What neurotransmitters are increased or decreased in anxiety? ( 5HT, GABA, NE, Glutamate)
increased NE and Glutamate
| decreased 5HT and GABA
106
Diagnosis of GAD requires 3 or more of of what symptoms?
1. Restlessness
2. Easily Fatigued
3. Difficulty concentrating
4. Irritability
5. Muscle tension
6. Sleep disturbance
107
Pt has persistent GAD, along with the CBT and SSRI, try _______
Buspirone
108
What are the front line therapies for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD?
1. CBT: cognitive behavioral therapy
| 2. SSRIs and SNRIs
109
Dx: performance anxiety
Rx: ?
Beta-blocker, propranolol
110
Unexpected abrupt surges of intense fear or discomfort that peak in minutes are called a ______ _____
Panic disorder
111
At least 4 characteristics are required to make a Dx of panic disorder. List at least 4
1. Palpitations
2. Sweating
3. Shaking/trembling
4. S.O.B.
5. chest pain
6. Nausea
7. Chills or heat
8. Derealization
9. Fear of dying
112
anxiety disorder where the sufferer perceives the environment to be dangerous, uncomfortable, or unsafe is called ________
agorophobia
113
A diagnosis of a panic disorder requires fear or anxiety out of proportion to the actual danger for more than ___ months
6 months
114
What is the first line treatment for a phobia?
1. flooding
2. systemic desensitization
both are exposures to the thing that incites fear
115
Recurrent and persistent thought, urges or images that are intrusive and unwanted are called an ________
obsession
116
Trying to ignore, suppress or neutralize an obsession is called ________
an undoing ego defense mechanism
117
A repetitive behavior that a patient performs that has a set of rules that are strictly adhered to is called a ______
compulsion
118
What is the first line therapy for OCD?
| The drug treatments?
Therapy: CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy
Drugs: 1. SSRI
2. clomipramine
119
Which have insight into their behavior? which generally don't? (OCD/OCPD)
OCD: have insight into behavior
OCPD: don't
120
1. vocal ticks, 2. motor ticks and 3. OCD are all common in _____ ______
tourette's disorder
121
a sudden, repetitive, nonrhythmic motor movement or vocalization involving discrete muscle groups is called a ______
tic
122
What is the most common thing to cause PTSD?
death of a loved one
123
What is the most likely thing to cause PTSD?
assault, done by another human
124
the reliving of events, memories, dreams o nightmares related to an event are the ________ symptoms of PTSD
intrusive
125
What are the 5 criteria that must be present for PTSD?
1. re-experiencing the event, dreams, flashback
2. Avoidance, of thoughts, people, places
3. dissociative symptoms, amnesia, time slowin
4. negative mood
5. changes in arousal, hyper-aroused, hyper-vigilance
126
PTSD symptoms for less than 1 month is called ______
Acute Stress Disorder, ASD
| symptoms for 3 days to 1 month, greater than 1 month is PTSD
127
What are the first line therapies for PTSD?
| Drugs?
therapy: Cognitive behavioral, for all anxiety disorders
Drugs: 1. SSRI for all anxiety disorders,
2. TCAs
128
To be a mild TBI, Loss of consciousness must not exceed ___ minutes and the glasgow coma score must be between ___ and ___
30
| glassgow coma score between 13-15
129
The most mild form of TBI is ________
concussion
130
The majority cause of TBI is (blunt trauma/ MVCs/ falls)
most common: falls, blunt trauma, MVCs least common
131
a region of injured tissue or skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured is called a ______
contusion
132
If a neuron is stretched in a TBI, the rate of conductance is _______
slowed
133
How many days does it take for energy homeostasis to be achieved after a concussion?
7-10 days
134
Glasgow coma scale:
Severe ___ to ____
Moderate ____ to ___
Mild ____ to ____
Severe: 3-8
Moderate: 9-12
Mild: 13-15
135
Ranchos los amigos: Coma, no response, Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 1
136
Ranchos los amigos: Vegitative state, generalized response, eyes may open, but no cognitive awareness, Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 2
137
Ranchos los amigos: localized response, inconsistent speech, simple purposeful behavior, Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 3
138
Ranchos los amigos: confused-agitated, can't remember day to day, post traumatic amnesia, can grab a hairbrush but don't know what to do with it Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 4
139
Ranchos los amigos: post-confusional, can get dressed, some difficulty with self-awareness, out of amnesia an have day-to-day recall Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 5
140
Ranchos los amigos: Resumption of basic household independence, Stage (1/2/3/4/5/6)
stage 6
141
a state of agitation, distress, and restlessness, side-effect of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs, coma recovery
akesthsia
142
Frontal cortex: social comportment/behavior (dorsolateral prefrontal/ lateral orbitofrontal)
lateral orbitofrontal
143
Frontal cortex: executive function (dorsolateral prefrontal/ lateral orbitofrontal)
dorsolateral prefrontal
144
The non-SSRI 5HT1a partial agonist for GAD is _______
Buspirone
145
Insomnia is a (dyssomnia/ parasomnia) since it is dissatisfaction with the quantity or quality of sleep
dyssomnia
146
sleep disorder characterized by problems in timing, quality or amount of sleep (dyssomnia/ parasomnia)
dyssomnia
147
sleep disorder with abnormalities in physiology or behavior associated with sleep (dyssomnia/ parasomnia)
parasomnia
148
insomnia requires disturbances in sleep for ____ nights/week for ___ months
3 nights/week for
| 3 months
149
What are the 4 excitatory transmitters that can keep you up at night?
1. Norepinephrine in locus ceruleus
2. Serotonin in raphe nucleus
3. Dopamine in Ventral tegmental area
4. Histamine in tuberomammilary nucleus
150
A deficiency in which 3 inhibitory neurotransmitters can cause insomnia?
1. GABA
2. melatonin
3. adenosine
151
habits and practices conducive to sleeping well on a regular basis are called _____ _____
sleep hygiene
152
To promote a more accurate circadian clock, antagonize (5HT2a/ 5HT1d/ 5HT7)
5HT1d + 5HT7
153
To create a deeper sleep pattern, antagonize (5HT2a/ 5HT1d/ 5HT7)
5HT2a
154
↓ NE, ↓ 5HT, ↓ DA
| Depression/ mania/ schizophrenia/ Anxiety/ Alzheimers
depression
155
↑DA, ↑5HT, glutamate ↑ or ↓
| Depression/ mania/ schizophrenia/ Anxiety/ Alzheimers
schizophrenia
156
↑DA, ↓ GABA
| Depression/ mania/ schizophrenia/ Anxiety/ Alzheimers
Mania
157
↓ GABA, ↓ 5-HT ↑NE,
| Depression/ mania/ schizophrenia/ Anxiety/ Alzheimers
anxiety
158
↓ ACh, ↑ glutamate
| (Depression/ mania/ schizophrenia/ Anxiety/ Alzheimers)
Alzheimers
159
Obesity therapy, lipase inhibitor (Amphetamines/ Orlistat/ Topiramate and zonisamide)
orlistat
160
Obesity therapy, decrease appetite (Amphetamines/ Orlistat/ Topiramate and zonisamide)
Amphetamines
161
Obesity therapy, anticonvulsants (Amphetamines/ Orlistat/ Topiramate and zonisamide)
Topiramate and zonisamide
162
Anorexia is a BMI less than ___
mild: 17
moderate: 16-16.9
severe 15-15.9
163
More ridged personality (anorexia/ bulimia)
anorexia
164
noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA), used as an appetite stimulant in anorexia
mirtazapine
165
recurrent binge eating with compensatory behaviors is called ______
bulimia, may be purging or non-purging
166
often from dysfunctional family, more conflicted, less ridged (anorexia/ bulimia)
bulimia
167
Russell's sign is seen in (anorexia/ bulimia)
bulimia, abraided knuckles
168
Which has a better course of recovery? (anorexia/ bulimia)
bulemia
169
what drugs are used for bulemia?
SSRI's
| imipramine, desipramine, trazodone and MAOis
170
to be diagnosed with bulimia, you must bing __x/week for ____ months
3x/week for 3 months
171
mild bulimia is called ______
binge eating dissorder
172
subclinical anorexia is called ______
avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
173
A delusion where the patient feels that someone has been replaced by an imposter is called _______
Capgras delusion
174
Patient hold a delusional belief that different people are in fact a single person who changes appearance or is in disguise is called ________
Fregoli delusion
175
Delusion that one is a werewolf is called _____
Lycanthropy
176
syndrome where symptoms of a delusion are transmitted from one person to another is called ______
Folie a Deux
177
inability to accept one's own reflection as one's own body, feeling a disconnection from one's own body is called _______
Cotard's delusion
178
morphine derivative with heroin like effects, but causes flesh to rot is called _______
krokodil = desomorphine
179
somatic delusion where the patient feels that they are infested with a parasite, they can see it and feel it, is called ______
Morgellons or delusional parasitosis
180
Delusion where the affected person feels that someone of high status or famous person is in love with him or her is called
Erotomanic delusion
181
delusions may be caused by too much dopamine in the _______ pathway
mesolimbic, similar to schizophrenia
182
what type of therapy is used for delusional disorders?
psychotherapy
183
dementia progession goes from: normal aging -> _______ -> dementia
MCI, mild cognitive impairment
184
inability to perform particular purposive actions, as a result of brain damage is called ________
apraxia
185
inability to interpret sensations and recognize things, typically as a result of brain damage is called _______
agnosia
186
gamma secretase is regulated by presenilin 1 on chr (1/ 14/ 19/ 21) and presenilin 2 on chr (1/ 14/ 19/ 21)
presenilin 1: chromosome 14
| presenilin 2: chromosome 1
187
the amyloid precursor protein APP is found on chr (1/ 14/ 19/ 21)
21, which is triplicated in downs
188
Apo E4 is found on chromosome (1/ 14/ 19/ 21)
19
189
What are the top 4 most common types of dementia?
1. AD, alzheimer's Dz
2. VD: Vascular Dementia
3. DLB: Dememtia with Lewy Bodies
4. FTLD: Frontotemporal lobe dementia
190
senile plaques are made of _______
Aβ amyloid
191
Neurofibrillary Tangles are made of ______
hyperphosphorylated tau
192
which combo of secretase cleavage of APP is bad for AD? (alpha/ beta/ gamma) secretase
beta + gamma combo cleavage of APP
193
the catalytic subunit of gamma secretase is ______
presenilin
194
Alzheimers in the age range of 20-30s is usually caused by _______
APP, downs syndrome, trisomy 21
195
Alzheimers in the age range of 40-50s is usually caused by _______
presenilin 1 or 2 mutation
196
Alzheimers in the age range of 60-90s is usually caused by _______
Apo E4
| Apo E2 is protective
197
Alzheimers in the age range of 50-60s is usually caused by _______
APP on Chr 21 is altered
198
intracellular aggregates of actin and actin-associated proteins observed in neurons are called ______ bodies
Hirano
199
early onset alzheimers occurs before the age of ____
60
200
changes in social and personal behavior, apathy, blunting of emotions, deficits in language, memory loss late in course (AD/ VD/ DLB/ FTLD/ PD)
FTLD: Frontotemporal lobe dementia
201
Treat FTLD, Frontotemporal lobe dementia
| cholinesterase inhibitor/ Valproic acid/ SSRI
valproic acid for behavioral control
| SSRI for irritability, depression or impulsive behavior
202
Which type of FTLD is associated with ALS? (FTLD-tau/ FTLD-TDP43/ FTLD-FUS)
TDP43 and FUS
203
Which type of FTLD is also called Pick's Dz? (FTLD-tau/ FTLD-TDP43/ FTLD-FUS)
tau
204
Which is a glutamate NMDA receptor blocker for AD? ( Donepezil/ Rivastigmine/ Galantamine/ Memantine)
Memantine
| others are AChE inhibitors
205
which has a 'step-wise' progression of deterioration with emotional lability? (AD/ VD/ DLB/ FTLD/ PD)
VD,vascular dementia, abrupt steps after each CVA
206
Lewy bodies are clumps of _______ in neurons
alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin protein
207
If the alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin protein lumps affect the CORTEX first, it is called ______
Dementia with lewy bodies
208
If the alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin protein lumps affect the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA first, it is called ______
Parkinson's disease
209
A dark core surrounded by a pale corona is a (plaque/ tangle/ lewy body)
lewy body
210
flame shaped (plaque/ tangle/ lewy body)
tangle of tau
211
dementia with fluctuation in symptoms, visual hallucinations and delusions is (AD/ VD/ DLB/ FTLD/ PD)
DLB, Dementia with lewy bodies
212
what are normal, mild, mod and severe on the Mini mental status exam MMSE
normal: 27-30
mild: 20-30
moderate: 10-20
severe: 0-10
213
freud's life force was named _____
libido
214
reversion to an earlier phase while under stress is called ____
regression
215
extra investment of libido in one phase is called _______
fixation
216
name the age range of each phase:
1. oral
2. anal
3. oedipal/electra
4. Latency
1. oral: 0- 1+1/2
2. anal: 1+1/2 - 3
3. oedipal/electra: 3- 6
4. latency: 6- adolescents
217
"the CIA is out to get me!" (delusional projection/ psychotic denial/ distortion)
delusional projection
218
"I am not Eric, I am jesus christ!" (delusional projection/ psychotic denial/ distortion)
psychotic denial,denial of external reality
219
"You are the psych resident? I am the great psychologist Kaufmann!" (delusional projection/ psychotic denial/ distortion)
distortion
220
What are the 3 psychotic defense mechanisms?
1. delusional projection
2. psychotic denial
3. distortion
221
What are 4 immature defense mechanisms?
1. Projection
2. Somatization
3. Acting Out
4. Splitting
222
What are the Neurotic defenses?
1. Denial
2. Displacement
3. Dissociation
4. identification
5. intellectualization
6. Isolation
7. Rationalization
8. Reaction formation
9. Regression
10. Undoing
223
What are the Mature defenses?
1. Altruism
2. Sublimation
3. Anticipation
4. Suppression
5. Humor
224
redirection of emotions to a substitute that were originally felt in childhood is called ________
transference
225
redirection of a psychotherapist's feelings toward a client is called ________
countertransference
226
Acute pain is less than 1 ____
week
227
Chronic pain is longer than _______
6 months
228
Opioid are more frequently given to patients with a (higher/lower) level of education
lower
229
Which is better for neuropathic pain (opioid/NSAID)
opioid
230
Which is better for inflammatory pain (opioid/NSAID)
NSAID
231
Redirecting feelings towards a less cared for object rather than the thing that is causing the arousal is called ________
displacement, neurotic
232
feelings are acknowledged, modified and directed towards a significant person or goal so that modest satisfaction results
sublimation, mature
233
the conscious decision to postpone paying attention to a impulse or conflict is called ________
suppression, mature
234
unable to accept facts about reality is called _______
denial, neurotic
235
providing superficially reasonable accounts to explain away negative feelings is called _______
rationalization, neurotic
236
realistic planning for future discomfort is called _______
anticipation, mature
237
protecting against past negative events by 'corrective' behaviors such as superstitious rituals is called _______
undoing
238
what are 2 antidepressant SNRIs for chronic pain?
1. duloxetine
2. milnacipran
may have 5HT or NE side effects
239
A TCA for pain is ________
Amitriptyline
240
What is SBIRT?
Screening, brief motivational intervention, referral, treatment. For people with substance disorders
241
What are the 6 common types of psychotherapy?
1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral
242
improvement of results when receiving attention is known as the _________ effect
Hawthorne
243
good for depression, anxiety or personality disorders
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
244
relieves symptoms by unlearning maladaptive behaviors
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
behavioral
245
good for role disputes, role transitions, loss and grief
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
interpersonal
246
based on the idea that problematic relations early in life predisposes you to develop current disorder
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
interpersonal
247
token economy is a form of:
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
behavioral
248
Replaces presumed distorted appraisals with more adaptive appraisals
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
cognitive
| alters pts schema
249
behavior change can be effected through cognitive change
(1. Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
2. Interpersonal
3. Family
4. Behavioral
5. Cognitive
6. Cognitive Behavioral)
CBT
250
sudden dramatic loss of one or more voluntary motor and/or sensory function suggesting a neurological etiology is a _______ ________
Conversion disorder
251
Hypochondriasis is similar to which anxiety disorder?
GAD
252
protracted pain longer than is expected severe enough to seek medical attention is called _______
pain disorder
253
Formerly known as munchausens, now called _______
Factitious disorder
254
being sick for gains such as to be cared for or be an expert are components of ______ ______
Factitious disorder
255
When a parent feigns or induces illness in their child it is called _______
Factitious disorder by proxy
256
Conscious simulation or exaggeration of an illness to achieve secondary gain is called _________
malingering, may be a crime
257
disturbance in the level of consciousness, cognition, perception, judgement, affect or behavior due to a drug is called ________
intoxication
258
dependance is due to _______ or drug receptors
down regulation
259
alcohol potentiates the ______ receptor
GABAa
260
A reversal agent for Benzo OD is _______
flumazenil
261
dopamine is made in the _______
Ventral tegmental area
262
What part of the brain is the "wranglers" that control the DA circuit of VTA -> NAc -> Limbic ->VTA?
OFC, orbitofrontal cortex
VMPFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex
DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
263
with a stimulant, pupils (myosis/ mydriasis)
| with an opioid, pupils (myosis/ mydriasis)
stimulant: mydriasis
opioid: myosis
264
You can die of withdrawal from (cocaine/ alcohol/ heroin)
alcohol only
265
what is the nicotine receptor partial agonist used to help quit smoking?
Verenicline
266
The best treatment to quit smoking is a combination of ______ and ______
Verenicline and nicotine replacement
