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Horse > Behavior and Restraint > Flashcards

Behavior and Restraint Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior

Spooky

A

Part of Flight Instinct
* shy away from strange objects or noises

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2
Q

Approaching a Horse

A
  • Approach at shoulder on left side
  • Speak calmly
  • Pet at shoulder/neck area
  • Pay attention to body language
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3
Q

Approaching a Horse in Pasture

A
  • Walk slowly
  • Carry halter on shoulder
  • Face horse head-on with eye contact
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4
Q

Leading a Horse

A
  • Always lead on horse’s left side
  • Hold rope close to halter
  • Never wrap rope around hand
  • Coil excess rope; grasp with other hand
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5
Q

Ear Position

A

Alert and Interested
* ear openings pointed forward

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6
Q

Ear Position

A

Angry and Aggressive
* ears pinned flat against neck

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7
Q

Ear Position

A

Relaxed, Bored, Unwell
* ears flopped out laterally
* openings facing down

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8
Q

Ear Position

A

Sleepy, Submissive, Unwell
* ears angled backwards
* openings directed caudally

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9
Q

Capturing a Foal

A
  • Naturally follow mom - lead mom and you’ll lead the foal
  • Once in desired area, approach slowly from side
  • Touch on neck / withers
  • May not like touch - contact and restraint should be quick
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10
Q

Restraining a Foal
Standing

A
  • One arm around foal’s shoulders or base of neck
  • Other arm around hindquarters or holding base of tail with hand
  • Avoid oversupporting foal’s weight - may tend to sag towards ground
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11
Q

Restraining a Foal
Lateral

A
  • Sedate first, unless unable to
  • Once on ground, use of multiple people to restrain
  • Pressure on neck to prevent getting up
  • Hold both front legs individually above carpus
  • Hold both back legs individually above tarsus
  • To get to stand, run fingers briskly up spine, from tail to head
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12
Q

Twitches

A
  • Restraint techniques to help “distract” while performing certain procedures
  • Natural vs Mechanical
  • Never to be used on foals
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13
Q

Types of Twitches

A
  • Manual / Hand
  • Humane
  • Rope / Chain
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14
Q

Shoulder Twitch

A
  • Natural twitch
  • Applied to skin over lateral aspect of neck
  • Loose skin able to be grasped or pinched
  • Mild effect; easily loses effectiveness
  • Long holds may result in swelling / welts
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15
Q

Ear Twitch

A
  • Natural twitch
  • Do not directly grab ear
  • Place hand on neck and slide up to base of ear
  • Squeeze and rotate ear
  • Very effective for some; others may resist
  • Loses effectiveness after short period
  • Can result in broken cartilage; release if needed
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16
Q

Lip Twitch

A
  • Upper lip used for restraint
  • Can be done with hand, rope/chain, or humane
17
Q

Lip Twitch
Rope / Chain

A
  • Place hand into loop
  • Grasp lip, slid loop over hand and onto lip
  • Rotate handle to twist loop; roll up towards ears, not downward
  • Avoid occluding nostrils - horse will panic
18
Q

Lip Twitch
Humane Twitch

A
  • Two handles like a scissor-like clamp
  • Can be self-restraining and not need to be held (clip to halter)
  • Short handles limit usefulness
  • Can loosen when self-restrained
  • Not as effective and can be dangerous / harmful
19
Q

Chemical Restraint

Acepromazine

A
  • Will not work if already excited
  • Avoid in stallions - penile paralysis
  • Cheap and long lasting
  • Causes hypotension and lowers seizure threshold
  • Give IM, IV, PO
20
Q

Chemical Restraint

Butorphanol

A
  • Pain control
  • Combine with others
  • Extends length of sedation
  • Give IM or IV
21
Q

Chemical Restraint

Xylazine

A
  • Most common
  • Combine with Torb
  • Causes ataxia; panting if feverish
  • Short acting and less money
  • Can be used as premeds with KetVal
  • Give IM or IV
22
Q

Chemical Restraint

Detomidine

A
  • Expensive
  • Long lasting
  • Can be combined with Torb
  • Causes ataxia, aggression, sweating, decreased HR / RR, colic
  • Give IM, IV, PO
23
Q

Chemical Restraint

Romifidine (Sedivet)

A
  • Used to immobilize for procedures (rads, eye exam, ultrasound)
  • Causes less ataxia
  • Does not cause head to lower
  • Give IV
24
Q

Chemical Restraint

Banamine

A
  • Only give IV
  • If given IM, may cause Gangrenous Myositis

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