Beef Quiz 6 Flashcards

1
Q

yearling stocker program

A

manage cattle growth prior to going to feedlot to finish
400-600–> 800-950
-smaller framed breeds
utilize low cost resources for gain (grass, hay, silage)

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2
Q

major areas of yearling production

A

texas, kansas, oklahoma
-fall-winter and spring-summer

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3
Q

wintering operation

A

emphasize slower gains (0.5-1.0 lb/day)
high roughage, pasture spring and summer

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4
Q

backgrounding operation

A

emphasize faster gains (1.25-2.0 lb/day)
more grain and silage
place calves into feedlots earlier

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5
Q

marketing of feeder cattle

A

greater in fall
-oct 30%, Nov 15%, Sept 10%
Second peak in spring
-Mar, April, May 6%

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6
Q

factors for profit loss

A

purchase price of calves
cost for gain
-feed cost
-feed quantity
-daily gains
sale price for yearlings

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7
Q

market price considerations

A

breeds
-black cattle bring premium
-> 25% eared cattle discounted
weight, condition, muscling
-light muscles, <600 lb discounted
-overconditioned cattle discounted
group size
-truck loads bring premium

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8
Q

feed costs considerations

A

corn and hay prices
grass pasture and small grain pasture leases

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9
Q

desired gains considerations

A

affected by health of incoming cattle
genetic potential or breed of cattle
feeds available

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10
Q

nutrition considerations

A

receiving cattle and feed consumption
requirements

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11
Q

health considerations

A

respiratory problems primary problem
-parasites, pink eye, foot rot
receiving cattle vaccinations
antibiotics
lost performance
deaths

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12
Q

feedlot operations

A

cattle fed concentrate rations (grain)
housed in confirmed area
normal feeding duration 60-250 days

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13
Q

major feedlot areas

A

eastern colorado, nebraska, southwest kansas
-access to grain
-geography
-climate

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14
Q

commercial feeders

A

> 1000 head capacity
operations owned and operated by individuals, partnerships, corporations
ownership of cattle-other cattle feeder, investors, cattle producers, packers
fed on contractual basis- full all year (turnover 2-2.5 X)

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15
Q

farmer-feeders

A

<1000 head capacity
operation and cattle owners by individuals or families
normally all-in-all out operations

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16
Q

farmer-feeder advantages

A

market homegrown feed
utilize high roughage feeds
labor distribution
flexibility in operation

17
Q

farmer-feeder disadvantage

A

numbers and records limited- management decisions less efficient
custom feeding reduces operating capital
-keeping full sometimes a problem

18
Q

processing upon arrival

A

identify ,deworm, delice, vaccinate , antibiotics, Bo-Se
provide quality hay, high fortified grain mix, water
-rehydration, high quality natural protein, high vitamins
introduce cattle early (after first week) to fermented feeds (corn silage) but a gradual transition needed

19
Q

feeding plan

A

match with growth curve
-calves vs yearlings
*yearlings consume 10% more feed, but have higher maintenance requirements, starting weight greater
-beef breeds vs holstein
*Holstein have10% greater maintenance requirements, later maturing and larger frames
-large vs medium or small framed
*large frame fatten later-market weight
-heifer vs steer
*heifers fatten faster- market weight

20
Q

two phase

A

growing-finishing phase
-growing ADG 2-2.25 lb/day
-finishing ADG 3.0 lb/ day

21
Q

one phase

A

finishing phase
-high grain

22
Q

preparing for feedlot

A

adjusting to feedlot rations
implanting
-contain estrogen, progesterone, androgens
-specific for calves, steers, and heifers
-feed additives

23
Q

tylan

A

fat gain, liver abscesses

24
Q

bovatec and rumensin

A

fat gain and AVG

25
two phase system feeding period
grower phase- 150 days finisher phase-100 days
26
finishing phase feeding period
50-225 days
27
market weights
1150-1250 lb desired >900 lb not desired
28
quality grades
prime, choice, select reflect flavor and tenderness maturity and marbling
29
yield grades
1-5 with 1 being leaned 5 fattest cuttability or muscle fat
30
thermoneutral zone
feed to meet animals needs above and below require energy input optimum range 57-77 degrees F
31
cold stress
intake increases 1-1.5% heat form metabolism and fermentation not adequate to maintain body temperature
32
heat stress
intake depressed upper extreme of thermoneutral zone
33
environmental stress
performance influenced by environmental stress -temperature -wind -precipitation -physical surroundings