Bea's Problematic Areas

Question 1

Common path of membrane flow through endomembrane system between organelles? With what are they transported?

Answer 1

ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles

Vesicles

Question 2

Structures in bacterial cells

Answer 2

Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleoid, cytoplasm, capsule, ribosomes, flagella

Question 3

Three pieces of evidence for endosymbiotic theory?

Answer 3

1) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have double membranes
2) Both cell membranes and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes and circular DNA (like prokaryotes)
3) Mitochondria and chloroplasts are autonomous and replicate/grow on their own

Question 4

Components of cell membrane

Answer 4

Peripheral proteins
Integral proteins
Glycoproteins
Glycolipids
Cholesterol

Question 5

Function of glycoproteins?

Answer 5

Cell recognition (Think NAMETAG) and communication

Question 6

Effect on plant and animal cells - isotonic solution

Answer 6

No net gain or net loss of water in either plant or animal cells

Osmosis of water is equal going in and out of cells in both

Question 7

Effect on plant and animal cells - hypertonic solution

Answer 7

Concentration solute is greater in cell than outside

Plasmolysis shrivels and disforms animal cells and kills them, and makes plants wither - but maintain shape due to cell wall - and also die.

Question 8

Effect on plant and animal cells - hypotonic solution

Answer 8

Concentration of solute is lower in e than ourside the cell

Increase of turgor pressure makes animal cells lyse or explode. Plant cells become filled with water and are more rigid.

Question 9

Endo v Exocytosis

Answer 9

Endo - vesicles take in substances from outside the cell

Exo - vesicles fuse to the cell membrane and expell their contents TO outside of cell

Question 10

Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis

Answer 10

Phago - Cell eating; large and solid molecs are engulfed by vesicle and brought into cell

Pino - Cell drinking; vesicles form around liquids and other small particles and brought into cell

Question 11

Cotransport and its most important defining factor

Answer 11

Actively transporting a solute against gradient by freeloading off another solute’s concentration gradient

DOESN’T DIRECTLY USE ATP, STILL ACTIVE TRANSPORT