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1
Q

first recorded blood transfusion in history

A

pope innocent vii

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2
Q

recommended a non toxic anticoagulant sodium phosphate

A

braxton hicks

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3
Q

he discoverd ABO. BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM

A

KARL LANDSTEINER

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4
Q

he carried out vein to vein transfusion by using multiple syringes

A

Edward lindemann

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5
Q

Designed syringe-valve apparatus

A

Unger

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6
Q

reported the use of sodium citrate

A

hustin

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7
Q

determined the minimum amount of citrate needed for anticoagulant and demonstrated its toxicity. in small amounts

A

lewisohn

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8
Q

introduced citrate-dextrose solution for blood preservation

A

rous and turner

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9
Q

pioneered on developing techniques in blood transfusion and blood preservation during world war 2
appointed director of the first american red cross blood bank

A

Dr. Charles Drew

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10
Q

introduced the formula for preservative acid-citrate-dextrose

A

loutit and mollison

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11
Q

Introduced and improved preservative solution called CPD

A

GIBSON

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12
Q

CONTROLLED BY A SINGLE GENE LOCUS OR BY TWO MORE CLOSELY LINKED GENES

A

BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM

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13
Q

SHARE A BIOCHEMICAL, SEROLOGIC OR GENETIC RELATIONSHIP

A

COLLECTION

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14
Q

FOUND IN MORE THAN 90% OF THE POPULATION

A

HIGH PREVALENCE

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15
Q

FOUND IN LESS THAN 1% OF THE POPULATION

A

LOW PREVALENCE

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16
Q

COMMON BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM

A

ABO
RH
MNS
P1PK
LUTHERAN
KELL
LEWIS
DUFFY
KIDD
I

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17
Q

MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL BLOOD GROUPS IN BOTH TRANSFUSION AND TRANSPLANT MEDICINE

A

ABO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM

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18
Q

THE MOST FREQUENTLY PERFORMED TEST IN THE BLOOD BANK

A

ABO GROUPING

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19
Q

THESE TEST MUST BE PERFORMED ON ALL DONORS AND PATIENTS

A

ABO FORWARD
REVERSE GROUPING TEST

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20
Q

EXPRESSION OF A AND B ANTIGENS ON THE RBCS IS FULLY DEVELOPED BY ___-

A

2-4 YEARS OF AGE

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21
Q

PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION OF ABH ANTIGEN MAY VARY WITH

A

RACEE
GENETIC INTERACTION
DISEASE STATE

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22
Q

FIRST INDIVIDUAL TO PERFORMED FORWARD AND REVERSE GROUPING

A

KARL LANDSTEINER AND. ASSOCIATES

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23
Q

THE ONLY BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM IN WHICH INDIVIDUALS ALREADY HAVE ANTIBODIES IN THEIR SERUM TO ANTIGENS THAT ARE ABSENT FFROM THEIR RBCs WITHOUT ANY PRIOR EXPOSURE TO RBCS THROUGH TRANSFUSION OR PREGNANCY

A

NATURALLY OCCURING. ANTIBODIES

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24
Q

EXPRESSION OF ABO INHERITANCE

A

CODOMINANT

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25
Q

ABO GENES CAN BE FOUND IN

A

CHROMOSOME 9

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26
Q

THIS GENE IS CONSIDERED AS AMORPH

A

O

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27
Q

GENOTYPE OF ABO

A

A
B
P

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28
Q

PHENOTYPE OF ABO

A

A
B
O
AB

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29
Q

RESULT FROM INTERACTION OF GENES AT 3 SEPARATE LOCI

A

ABH ANTIGEN

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30
Q

PRECURSOR STRUCTURE ON WHICH A AND B ANTIGENS ARE MADE

A

H ANTIGEN

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31
Q

FUT 1 GENE FOUND IN

A

CHROMOSOME 19

32
Q

FUT GENE (Se) FOUND IN

A

CHROMOSOME 19

33
Q

MUST BE INHERITED TO FORM ABOUT ANTIGENS ON RBCS

A

H GENE

34
Q

MUST BE INHERITED TO FORM ABOO ANTIGENS IN SECRETIONS

A

Se gene

35
Q

HH/Hh gene meanss

A

presence of ABO antigens in RBC

36
Q

hh gene means

A

absence of ABO antigen in RBCs

37
Q

Secretions are found in

A

saliva
tearas urine
digestive huicees
bile
milk
amniotic fluid

38
Q

antibody production peaks between

A

5 and 10 years old

39
Q

can cause rapid intravascular hemolysis

A

about antibodies (if the wrong ABO group is transfused)

40
Q

what antibody predominantly coontain Anti-A and Anti-B

A

IgM

41
Q

routinely used for performing ABO confirmation of group O donor units

A

Anti-A, B reagent

42
Q

H gene glycosyltransferase and immunodominant sugar

A

alpha 2-L-fucosyltransferase
L-fucose

43
Q

A gene glycosyltransferase and immunodominant sugar

A

Alpha-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
GalNac

44
Q

B gene glycosyltransferase and immunodominant sugar

A

alpha 3-D galactosyltransferase
D-Galactose

45
Q

GROUP A RBCS THAT REACT WITH BOTH ANTI-A. AND ANTI-A1

A

A1

46
Q

GROUP OF A RBCS THAT REACT WITH ANTI-A AND NOT ANTI-A1

A

A2

47
Q

WEAK A SUBGROUP

A

A3

48
Q

SMALL AGGLUTINNATES WITHN PREDOMINANTLY UNAGGLUTINATED RED CELLS

A

MIXED FIELD

49
Q

MORE PRONOUNCED HANG OVER
PERNICIOUS ANEIA

A

A INDVIDUALS

50
Q

CRIMINALITY

A

B INDVIDUALS

51
Q

GOOD TEETH

A

O INDIVIDUALS

52
Q

LEUKEMIA
CHROMOSOME 9 TRANSLOCATION
THALASSEMIA
HODGKINS DISEEEASE

A

DEPRESS EXPRESSION

53
Q

PHENOTYPE THAT LACKS NORMAL EXPRESSION OF THE ABH ANTIGENS

A

BOMBAY PHENOTYPE

54
Q

PHENOTYPE OF BOMBAY

A

O

55
Q

ANTIBODIES PRESENT IN BOMBAY PHENOTYPE

A

ANTI A
ANTI B
ANTI AB
ANTI H

56
Q

DUE TO ABSENCE OF H ANTIGENS OR DECREASED EXPRESSION OF H ANTIGENS

A

PARA-BOMBAY PHENOTYPE

57
Q

ACQUIRED ENZYMATIC MODIFICATION OF GROUP A1 RED CELLS IN VIVO

A

ACQUIRED B PHENOMENON

58
Q

BACTERIA PRESENT IN ACQUIRED B PHENOMENON?

A

E.COLI SEORTYPE 086

59
Q

ENZYME IN ACQUIRED B PHENOMENON

A

ACETYLASE

60
Q

RGT IS AB
LOOKING FIR RBC AG

A

FORWARD TYPING OR FRONT TYPING

61
Q

LOOKING FOR AB
RGT AG

A

REVERSE TYPING OR BACK TYPE

62
Q

CLEAR BLUE COLORED REAGENT

A

ANTI-A REAGENT

63
Q

CLEAR YELLOWCOLORED RGT

A

ANTI B REAGENT

64
Q

WHAT DOES THE COLOR RGT FOR ANTI B RGT HAS THAT CAN GIVES YELLOW COLOR

A

AEROFLAVINE DYE

65
Q

REASON FOR GROUP 1 DISCREPANCIES

A

UNEXPECTED REACTION IN THE REVERSE GROUPING DUE TO WEAKLY OR MISSING ANTIBODIES

66
Q

REASON FOR GROUP 2 ABOUT DISCREPANCIES

A

UNEXPECTED REACTION IN THE FORWARD GROUPING DUE TO WEAKLY OR MISSING ANTIGEN

67
Q

REASON FOR ABOUT DISCREPANCIES GROUP 3

A

DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN FORWARD AND REVERSE GROUPINGS DUE TO PROTEIN OR PLASMA AND RESULT IN ROULEAUX FORMATION OR PSEUDO AGGLUTINATION

68
Q

REASONS FOR DISCREPANCIES FOR GROUP 4

A

DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN FORWARD AND REVERSE GROUPINGS ARE DUE TO MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS

69
Q

CAUSES OF GROUP 1 DISCREPANCIES

A

NEWBORN
ELDERLY PX
LEUKEMIA PX, LYMPHOMA THAT DEMONSTRATING HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
PX THAT HAS BONE MARROW OR HPC TRANSPLANT.
PX THAT HAS CONGENITAL OR ACQUIRE AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
PX WHOSE ABOUT ANTIBODIES MAY HAVE BEEN DILUTED BY PLASMA TRANSFUSION OR EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION
ABO SUBGROUPS

70
Q

CONDITIONS FOR GROUP 2 DISCREPANCIES

A

SUBGROUP A AND B MIGHT BE PRESENT
LEUKEMIAS MAY YIELD WEAKENED A OR B
HODGKIN DISEASE
ACQUIRED B PHENOMENON

71
Q

CONDITIONS FOR GROUP 3 DISCREPANCIES

A

ELEVATED LEVELS OF GLOBULIN WALDERNSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA
MULTIPLE MYELOMA
ADVANCED CASE OF HODGKIN LYMPHOMA.
ELEVATED FIBRINOGEN LEVEL
PLASMA EXPANDERS
WHARTON’S JELLY IN CORD BLOOD SAMPLES

72
Q

CONDITIONS ON GROUP 4 ABO DISCREPANCIES

A

COLD REACTIVE AUTOANTIBODIES
CIRCULATING RBC OF ORE THAN ONE ABO DUE TO RBC TRANSFUSION OR MARROW TRANSPLANT
UNEXPECTED ABO ISOAGGLUTINATION
UNEXPECTED NON ABO ALLOANTIBODIES

73
Q

SEED EXTRACTS AGGLUTINATE HUMAN CELLS WWITH SOME DEGREE OF SPECIFICITY

A

LECTIN

74
Q

AGGLUTINATES A1 OR A1B

A

DOLICHOS BIFLORUS

75
Q

AGGLUTINATES B CELLS

A

BANDEIRRAEA SIMPLICIFOLIA

76
Q

AGGLUTINATES O CELLS (H SPECIFCITY) AND OTHER ABOUT BLOOD GROUPS DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT OF H ANTIGEEN AVAILABLE

A

ULEX EUROPAEUS

ISBB (6 decks)

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