Battery

Question 0

Actus reus

Answer 0

It mist be physical and mot merely emotional harm but a touch is enough
Collins and wilcock
Wood
Thomas

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Where d intentionally or recklessly applies unlawful physical force to another person

Question 2

Direct and indirect acts

Answer 2

It can be direct by physical contact ( touching by a weapon that is thrown or held or spitting
LYNDSEY
indirect by e.g. Digging a hole for victim to fall down
Scott v Shepard
Martin
DPPv K
Haystead

Question 3

Force must be unlawful

Answer 3

Consent and self defence allowed as defences

Question 4

Must it be hostile

Answer 4

Cole v tuner
Wilson v Pringle
Faulkner

Question 5

Continuing acts

Answer 5

The actus reus may be a continuing act

Fagan

Question 6

Can on omission be a battery

Answer 6

Unclear but seems courts reluctant to accept this unless D under a duty to act
Santana dermudez

Question 7

Causation

Answer 7

D must cause the unlawful force

Question 8

Men’s rea

Answer 8

Intend to apply unlawful physical force
OR
Recklessly - D must realise there is a risk that they might cause unlawful physical force to be applied to another