Basque / La Rioja / Navarra Flashcards
Which producer left Rioja DOCa classification in 2015
The modernist winery Artadi withdrew from Rioja DOCa in December 2015
When did Rioja became DO and DOCa
Rioja DO established 1933
DOCa Established in 1991
Subzones of Rioja are within which Autonomía respectively
Rioja Alta - La Rioja & Castilla y León
Rioja Oriental-formerly Baja - Navarra
Rioja Alavesa - País Vasco
Two main cities of Basque
San Sebastián (Donotia)
Bilbao
What is Pintxo (Pincho)
Skewered Basque snacks similar to tapas
Which was the first established Txakoli DO and remains the most traditional
When was it established
Getariako Txakolina
1989
Three subzones of Basques country, what’s their differences in climate
Getaria & Bizkaia are more humid, influenced heavily by the Bay of Biscay, requiring careful viticulture to avoid moisture-related disease and to achieve ripeness
Arabako is further inland, the DO experiences less coastal influence and humidity pressure
The newest and smallest appellation in Basque
When was it established
Arabako Txakolina
2001
Main white and red grapes in Basque country
Tinto: Hondarrabi Beltza
Blanco: Hondarrabi Zuri
Beltza means ‘Black”
Zuri means “White”
Grape synonym in Basque:
Petit Courbu
Gros Manseng
Petit Manseng
Folle Blanche
Petit Courbu: Ondarrabi Zuri Zerratia
Gros Manseng: Izkiriota
Petit Manseng: Izkiriota Ttippia
Folle Blanche: Mune Mahatsa
What is ‘Ojo de Gallo’
This style is mainly produced in which region
Ojo de Gallo: Rosado with min. 50% Ondarrabi Beltza
- Means eye of a rooster
Mainly produced in Bizkaiko Txakolina of Basque
Basque is heavily influenced by a gulf known as what
Bay of Biscay, is a portion of the Atlantic Ocean located off the west coast of France and the northern coast of Spain
What does aging term ‘Vendemia Tardía’ indicate in three Txakolina DOs
Age in cask for UP TO 12/31 of the year following the harvest
Wire cages on Rioja wines to prevent wine fraud are known as what
Mallas
Which Rioja producer hired Emile Peynaud in 1970 who advocated for the use of new French oak
Marqués de Cáceres - modern style
the first real push for new French oak in Rioja
Which Rioja producer hired Michel Rolland in 1987
Bodegas Palacio
Which mountain range barricades the northern areas of Rioja from Atlantic winds, and which river passes through Rioja
Sierra de Cantabria
Ebro River
Who is the only producer in Castilla y León with Rioja designation of origin
Hacienda El Ternero
Who owns Contino winery
Compañía Vinícola del Norte de España
(CVNE)
Which is the largest subzone of Rioja in terms of area planted
Rioja Alta
(Baja may seems larger, but Alta has over 40% of Rioja’s vineyards, with more than 27,000 hectares)
Six major towns of Rioja Alta
Haro
Fuenmayor
Logroño
Cenicero
Briones
San Vicente de la Sonsierra
Three major towns of Rioja Alavesa
Name one notable producer from each town
Labastida
Remelluri
Elciego
Marqués de Riscal
Oyón
Bodegas El Coto
Five notable producers located in Haro
López de Heredia
La Rioja Alta
Bodegas Muga
Bodegas Roda
Compañía Vinícola del Norte de España
One notable producer in Logroño
Marqués de Murrieta
Two notable producers in Fuenmayor
Bodegas Lan
Finca Valpiedra
One notable producer in Cenicero
Marqués de Cáceres
One notable producer in Briones
Finca Allende
Two rivers in Rioja Alta
Oja and Najerilla rivers
Both tributaries of Ebro
One notable producer in San Vicente de la Sonsierra
Señorío de San Vicente
What makes Contino and Remelluri different compared to other Rioja producers
Contino and Remelluri are both known for single-estate wine with their own fruits
Terroir of Rioja Alavesa compared with other subregions
Rioja Alavesa has more limestone in its soils and is also home to Rioja’s highest-elevation vineyards
Old school producers such as Muga and Marqués de Murrieta craft their modern-style wines in new French oak known as what respectively
Torre Muga
Dalmau
Rioja Oriental:
Most associated with which grape
Climate condition compared to other subregions
Re-name occurred in which year
Vineyards sit in which mountain
- Associated with Garnacha, which achieves more consistent ripeness in warmer climate
- Drier and hotter than Rioja Alta and Alavesa
- Renamed from Rioja Baja in 2018
- Vineyards sit in the Yerga mountains
Authorized white and red grapes of Rioja
White:
Viura, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo, Malvasía, Garnacha Blanca, Tempranillo Blanco, Maturana Blanca, Turruntés
Red:
Tempranillo, Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano, Maturana Tinta
Grape synonym of:
Viura
Mazuelo
Maturana Tinta
Viura: Macabeo
Mazuelo: Cariñena
Maturana Tinta: Trousseau / Bastardo
Vino Espumoso de Calidad of Rioja:
Which grape is the most prevalent
Made by which method
Min. aging requirement
Reserva
Gran Añada
Category established year
Rioja Espumosos:
* Viura
* Traditional method
* 15 months sur lie
* Reserva: min. 24 months
* Gran Añada: min. 36 months
* Established 2017
Soil of Rioja
Calcareous clay
Iron-rich clay
Aging requirement of blanco, rosado, tinto of Rioja
What is the oak size requirement
Permitted Training Methods of Rioja
Single and Double Cordon
En Vaso (Bush Vines)
Vara y Pulgar
Double Guyot
(the latter may be used for all white varieties except Viura, Malvasía, and Garnacha Blanca)
5 common practices of traditionalist Rioja
Blending from multiple subregions (often dominated by Tempranillo from Rioja Alta)
Varietal blending
Adherence to the aging classification system
Open-top fermentation
The reliance on older 225-liter American oak casks for long, semi-oxidative maturation
7 Modernist techniques of Rioja
Monovarietal Tempranillo wines
Single-subregion
Single-vineyard
Avoidance of the aging classification system
Cold soaking
Temperature-controlled fermentation in stainless steel
Shorter élevage in newer, often European oak vessels
When did Rioja’s consejo regulador passed new regulations allowing village names to appear on its bottles
2017
A concept first pioneered in Spain by Priorat in 2009
What is Viñedo Singular in Rioja
Single Vineyard
Category for wines with lower yields coming from hand-harvested individual sites where vines are at least 35 years old
What is Vinos de Pueblo in Rioja
Grapes must come exclusively from the municipality
(Vinification, aging, and bottling must occur within the municipality)
Vinos de Zona in Rioja
Grapes must come exclusively from the zone
(Vinification, aging, and bottling must occur within the zone)
In which years did Rioja became a DO and DOCa
DO: 1933
DOCa: 1991
Navarra wine map
Navarra DO established year
1933
Grape requirement of Vino de Licor in Navarra
It’s notably from which subzone
Vino de Licor: 85% minimum Moscatel de grano menudo or Garnacha
Notably from Ribera Baja
Rosado of Navarra is preferrably made from which grape
What is the style of the rosado
Garnacha preferred
Sangrado / Saignée method required
What is this training method
Vara y Pulga
What are these grapes in Basque:
Mune Mahatsa
Izkiriota Ttippia
Izkiriota
Ondarrabi Zuri Zerratia
Mune Mahatsa: Folle Blanche
Izkiriota Ttippia: Petit Manseng
Izkiriota: Gros Manseng
Ondarrabi Zuri Zerratia: Petit Courbu
Navarra Crianza Tinto aging requirement
Wines must be aged for a min. 24 months, including at least 9 months in oak
Max. 330-liter capacity
(with the exception of Crianza Tinto, all other aging terms are equivalent to national min. requirements)
What does Roble indicate in Navarra
Min. 90 days in oak
Max. 330 liter capacity
Tinto only
