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BMAT Organic Chemistry > BASICS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY > Flashcards

BASICS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the most commons atoms found in organic chemistry

A

C H O N

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2
Q

What are the bonds carbon can form

A

four single bonds
two double bonds,
one triple bond with a single pair of lone electrons

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3
Q

What are the bonds oxygen can form

A

two single bonds

a double bond and has two pairs of unshared electrons

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4
Q

What are the bonds hydrogen can form

A

only form one single bond

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5
Q

What are the bonds nitrogen can form

A

may form 3 single bonds

Depending on the compound, it can also form double and triple bonds

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6
Q

What are the valence electrons found in carbon

A

4

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7
Q

What are the valence electrons found in hydrogen

A

1

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8
Q

What are the valence electrons found in nitrogen

A

3

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9
Q

What are the valence electrons found in oxygen

A

2

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10
Q

whats the formula of methane

A

CH4

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11
Q

whats the formula of ethanol

A

CH3-CH2-OH

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12
Q

whats the formula of methylamine

A

CH3-NH2

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13
Q

whats the formula of ethylene

A

CH2=CH2

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14
Q

whats the formula of co2

A

CO2

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15
Q

whats the formula for molecular nitrogen

A

N2

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16
Q

whats the formula for hydrogen cyanide

A

HCN

17
Q

whats the formula for acetylene

A

CH[triple bond]CH

18
Q

what molecules have triple bonds

A

molecular nitrogen
hydrogen cyanide
acetylene

19
Q

what molecules have double bonds

A

ethylene
carbon dioxide

20
Q

what molecules have single bonds

A

methane
ethanol
methylamine

21
Q

what does a positive charge on an oxygen atom mean

A

3 bond pair and1 lone pair of electrons

22
Q

what does a negative charge on an oxygen atom mean

A

1 bond pair and 3 lone pair of electrons

23
Q

what does no charge on an oxygen atom means

A

2 bond pair and2 lone pair of electrons

24
Q

what does a positive charge on an nitrogen atom mean

A

4 bond (no lone pairs)

25
Q

what does a negative charge on an nitrogen atom mean

A

2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

26
Q

what does no charge on an nitrogen atom mean

A

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

27
Q

what do resonance structures show

A

spread of positive charge

28
Q

how do resonance structures show the spread of positive charges

A

in a linear fashion [a combo of dif structures]

29
Q

what are the three ways that determine the most significant structure of resonance strictures

A
  1. Full octet of electron on atoms are more significance
  2. Having two opposite charges on carbon atoms is generally less significant
  3. Minimal charges are more significant than structures with several charges
30
Q

what kind of structure would be most significant of resonance structures

A

-minimal charges
-full octet of electrons
-no opposite charges on carbon atoms

BMAT Organic Chemistry (14 decks)

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