BASICS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Question 1

What are the most commons atoms found in organic chemistry

Answer 1

C H O N

Question 2

What are the bonds carbon can form

Answer 2

four single bonds
two double bonds,
one triple bond with a single pair of lone electrons

Question 3

What are the bonds oxygen can form

Answer 3

two single bonds

a double bond and has two pairs of unshared electrons

Question 4

What are the bonds hydrogen can form

Answer 4

only form one single bond

Question 5

What are the bonds nitrogen can form

Answer 5

may form 3 single bonds

Depending on the compound, it can also form double and triple bonds

Question 6

What are the valence electrons found in carbon

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What are the valence electrons found in hydrogen

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What are the valence electrons found in nitrogen

Answer 8

3

Question 9

What are the valence electrons found in oxygen

Answer 9

2

Question 10

whats the formula of methane

Answer 10

CH4

Question 11

whats the formula of ethanol

Answer 11

CH3-CH2-OH

Question 12

whats the formula of methylamine

Answer 12

CH3-NH2

Question 13

whats the formula of ethylene

Answer 13

CH2=CH2

Question 14

whats the formula of co2

Answer 14

CO2

Question 15

whats the formula for molecular nitrogen

Answer 15

N2

Question 16

whats the formula for hydrogen cyanide

Answer 16

HCN

Question 17

whats the formula for acetylene

Answer 17

CH[triple bond]CH

Question 18

what molecules have triple bonds

Answer 18

molecular nitrogen
hydrogen cyanide
acetylene

Question 19

what molecules have double bonds

Answer 19

ethylene
carbon dioxide

Question 20

what molecules have single bonds

Answer 20

methane
ethanol
methylamine

Question 21

what does a positive charge on an oxygen atom mean

Answer 21

3 bond pair and1 lone pair of electrons

Question 22

what does a negative charge on an oxygen atom mean

Answer 22

1 bond pair and 3 lone pair of electrons

Question 23

what does no charge on an oxygen atom means

Answer 23

2 bond pair and2 lone pair of electrons

Question 24

what does a positive charge on an nitrogen atom mean

Answer 24

4 bond (no lone pairs)

Question 25

what does a negative charge on an nitrogen atom mean

Answer 25

2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

Question 26

what does no charge on an nitrogen atom mean

Answer 26

3 bonds and 1 lone pair

Question 27

what do resonance structures show

Answer 27

spread of positive charge

Question 28

how do resonance structures show the spread of positive charges

Answer 28

in a linear fashion [a combo of dif structures]

Question 29

what are the three ways that determine the most significant structure of resonance strictures

Answer 29

1. Full octet of electron on atoms are more significance 2. Having two opposite charges on carbon atoms is generally less significant 3. Minimal charges are more significant than structures with several charges

Question 30

what kind of structure would be most significant of resonance structures

Answer 30

-minimal charges -full octet of electrons -no opposite charges on carbon atoms