Basics of Genetic Analysis

Question 1

purpose: Liquid broth

Answer 1

for enrichment & for storage

Question 2

purpose: Semi-solid agar

Answer 2

for motility tests & for culturing viruses

Question 3

purpose: Solid agar

Answer 3

for isolation of pure culture

Question 4

4 phases of growth curve

Answer 4

lag, log, stationary, death

Question 5

Recombination: 3 types

Answer 5

transformation, transduction, conjugation

Question 6

Only source of variation in bacteria

Answer 6

Recombination

Question 7

importance of Recombination

Answer 7

to provide additional genes for resistance to drug and metabolic poisons

Question 8

Genetic transfer occurring when one bacterium donates DNA to another bacterium

Answer 8

Recombination

Question 9

Uptake of exogenous DNA by a recipient cell from a donor cell without any special vehicle

Answer 9

Transformation

Question 10

how to make cells “competent” (4)

Answer 10

o Exposure to stress
o Heat-shocked (60 C for 45 s)
o Chemical : PEG, detergent
o Water baths

Question 11

In eukaryotes, term for Transformation

Answer 11

transfection

Question 12

Bacterial Sex

Answer 12

Conjugation

Question 13

2 mutants bacterial strain can transfer DNA by direct contact (thru the sex pilus)

Answer 13

Conjugation

Question 14

has the plasmid (fertility or F’ Factor0 that allows the synthesis of a conjugative pilus

Answer 14

F + (donor)

Question 15

special structure in F – (recipient)

Answer 15

has the recognition site on its surface

Question 16

transfer of host chromosomal gene at high frequency from a donor cell to a recipient cell

Answer 16

HFr (high frequency recombinant)

Question 17

define: Transduction

Answer 17

Bacteriophages as genetic vectors ; DNA is transferred from cell to cell thru viruses

Question 18

Experiment by Martha Chase & Frederick Hershey

Answer 18

Labelling of DNA (32 P) and the protein coat (35S) of the virus

Question 19

2 types of transduction

Answer 19

generalized & specialized

Question 20

parts of the genes which can shift from one portion to another portion

Answer 20

Transposons

Question 21

importance: Transposons

Answer 21

scramble the genetic language – beneficial or adverse