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x.umn radiology > Basics > Flashcards

Basics Flashcards

1
Q

types of intraoral radiology

A

periapical, bitewing, occlusal

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2
Q

film or sensor holding or retention device

A

biteblock

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3
Q

what does a periapical radiograph entail?

A

entire crown, root, and 2-3mm periapical areas

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4
Q

crowns may be ____ if all areas of periapical radiograph aren’t visible

A

compromised

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5
Q

PID stands for…

A

pointer indicating device

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6
Q

bitewings record ____ of Mx and Mn teeth and ___ ____, but not ___ ____.

A

crowns, alveolar crests, root apices

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7
Q

indications of bitewings

A
  • amount of crestal alveolar bone loss (periodontitis)

- interproximal caries

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8
Q

two types of occlusal radiographs

A

topographical, cross-sectional

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9
Q

types of extraoral radiography

A

panoramic, cephalometric, CBCT, CT, MRI, others

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10
Q

indications of external radiography

A

studies of growth/development, facial trauma (jaw fracture), suspecting multiple lesions

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11
Q

when a structure can be recorded in its entirety intraorally, it is always ____ over any ____ view

A

preferred, extraoral

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12
Q

most common extraoral radiograph in dentistry

A

panoramic

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13
Q

light on film

A

radiopacity

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14
Q

dark on film

A

radiolucency

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15
Q

examples of light on film (radiopacity) are ___ density

A

high; enamel, cortical bone, amalgam restoration

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16
Q

examples of dark on film (radiolucency) are ___ density

A

low; pulp, Mx sinus, air space

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17
Q

film or sensor holding or retention device

A

biteblock

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18
Q

inability to open the mouth

A

trismus

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19
Q

which provide more detail? periapical/bitewing or extraoral radiograph?

A

periapical/bitewing

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20
Q

which radiograph will contain both Mx and Mn teeth, bitewing or periapical?

A

bitewing

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21
Q

radiography cannot reveal whether a lesion is ___ or _____

A

active, arrested

22
Q

do caries appear radiolucent or radiopace?

A

radiolucent

23
Q

overlap of proximal surface

A

closed contacts

24
Q

best radiograph for viewing occlusal/proximal caries

A

bitewing

25
Q

panoramic radiographs are suitable for caries detection only if the lesion is ____

A

large

26
Q

periapical radiographs are good for ___ caries and okay for ____ caries

A

occlusal, proximal

27
Q

what is the term for initial caries lesion development? Does cavitation occur here?

A

noncavitated, no

28
Q

noncavitated lesions represent areas with net mineral ___ due to imbalance between ____ and ____

A

loss, demineralization, remineralization

29
Q

what is the term for loss of surface integrity as it relates to caries? does cavitation occur?

A

cavitated, yes

30
Q

cavitation also refers to the total loss of ___ and exposure of ____

A

enamel, dentin

31
Q

location of caries that is in the immediate proximity to the contact area of an adjacent tooth surface (may exist on any tooth surface)

A

approximal

32
Q

on radiographs, incipient caries appear only within ____

A

enamel

33
Q

on radiographs, proximal caries appear as a ______ ___ area with its base to ___ ____

A

triangular dark, tooth surface

34
Q

on radiographs, occlusal caries appear ____ in shape, wider in ____, and narrow at ____ surface

A

rounded, dentin, occlusal

35
Q 
incipient = \_\_\_ only
moderate = involving \_\_\_\_
severe = involving \_\_\_
A

enamel, dentin, pulp

36
Q

cervical burnout is called…

A

adumbration

37
Q

a post-processing alteration of image contrast

A

image sharpening

38
Q

caries tend to have more ___ borders than imitators

A

diffuse

39
Q

base of triangle in moderate proximal caries occurs at the ___ with the apex directed toward the ___

A

DEJ, pulp

40
Q

normal alveolar crest is ___ to ___ mm apical to CEJ in a ____ line

A

0.5-2.0, parallel

41
Q

early/mild bone loss is up to __% loss

A

20%

42
Q

moderate bone loss is __% loss

A

20-50%

43
Q

severe bone loss is more than __% loss

A

50%

44
Q

local factors in bone loss

A

calculus, overhanging restorations, poor restoration contours

45
Q

what type of radiographs are most reliable for crestal bone evaluation?

A

bitewing

46
Q

what type of radiographs are most reliable for periapical inflammatory lesions?

A

periapical, CBCT

47
Q

radiograph signs of periapical disease include

  • _____ PDL space
  • lamina dura ____, ____, ____, or _____
  • lesions commonly centered on ____
A
  • widening
  • thinning, thickening, displacement, discontinuity/loss
  • apex
48
Q

healthy periapical appearance on radiographs

A

uniform thin PDL and lamina dura

49
Q

apical radiolucency can pathologically indicate periapical…

A

granulomas, abscesses, cysts

50
Q

apical radiopacity can pathologically indicate…

A

apical sclerosing osteitis (condensing osteitis, but can be idiopathic)

51
Q

the ____ _____ can be an apical pathology imitator

A

mental foramen

x.umn radiology (15 decks)

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